Abstract
Agents that learn on-line with partial instance memory reserve some of the previously encountered examples for use in future training episodes. We extend our previous work by combining our method for selecting extreme examples with two incremental learning algorithms, aq11 and gem. Using these new systems, aq11-pm and gem-pm, and the task computer intrusion detection, we conducted a lesion study to analyze trade-offs in performance. Results showed that, although our partial-memory model decreased predictive accuracy by 2%, it also decreased memory requirements by 75%, learning time by 75%, and in some cases, concept complexity by 10%, an outcome consistent with earlier results using our partial-memory method and batch learning.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Maloof, M., Michalski, R.: Selecting examples for partial memory learning. Machine Learning 41 (2000) 27–52
Michalski, R., Larson, J.: Incremental generation of VL1 hypotheses: The underlying methodology and the description of program AQ11. Technical Report UIUCDCS-F-83-905, Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois, Urbana (1983)
Reinke, R., Michalski, R.: Incremental learning of concept descriptions: A method and experimental results. In Hayes, J., Michie, D., Richards, J., eds.: Machine Intelligence 11. Clarendon Press, Oxford (1988) 263–288
Aha, D., Kibler, D., Albert, M.: Instance-based learning algorithms. Machine Learning 6 (1991) 37–66
Schlimmer, J., Granger, R.: Beyond incremental processing: Tracking concept drift. In: Proceedings of the Fifth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Menlo Park, CA, AAAI Press (1986) 502–507
Littlestone, N.: Redundant noisy attributes, attribute errors, and linear-threshold learning using Winnow. In: Proceedings of the Fourth Annual Workshop on Computational Learning Theory, San Francisco, CA, Morgan Kaufmann (1991) 147–156
Kibler, D., Aha, D.: Learning representative exemplars of concepts: An initial case study. In: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Machine Learning, San Francisco, CA, Morgan Kaufmann (1987) 24–30
Widmer, G.: Tracking context changes through meta-learning. Machine Learning 27 (1997) 259–286
Widmer, G., Kubat, M.: Learning in the presence of concept drift and hidden contexts. Machine Learning 23 (1996) 69–101
Maloof, M.: Progressive partial memory learning. PhD thesis, School of Information Technology and Engineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA (1996)
Michalski, R.: On the quasi-minimal solution of the general covering problem. In: Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Information Processing. Volume A3. (1969) 125–128
Clark, P., Niblett, T.: The CN2 induction algorithm. Machine Learning 3 (1989) 261–284
Cohen, W.: Fast effective rule induction. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth International Conference on Machine Learning, San Francisco, CA, Morgan Kaufmann (1995) 115–123
Michalski, R.: Pattern recognition as rule-guided inductive inference. IEEE Trans-actions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 2 (1980) 349–361
Michalski, R., Kaufman, K.: The AQ-19 system for machine learning and pattern discovery: A general description and user’s guide. Reports of the Machine Learning and Inference Laboratory MLI 01-4, Machine Learning and Inference Laboratory, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA (2001)
Michalski, R.: A theory and methodology of inductive learning. In Michalski, R., Carbonell, J., Mitchell, T., eds.: Machine Learning: An Artificial Intelligence Approach. Volume 1. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco, CA (1983) 83–134
Fisher, R.: The use of multiple measurements in taxonomic problems. Annals of Eugenics 7 (1936) 179–188
Blake, C., Merz, C.: UCI Repository of machine learning databases. [http://www.ics.uci.edu/~mlearn/mlrepository.html], Department of Information and Computer Sciences, University of California, Irvine (1998)
Bleha, S., Slivinsky, C., Hussien, B.: Computer-access security systems using keystroke dynamics. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 12 (1990) 1217–1222
Lane, T., Brodley, C.: Temporal sequence learning and data reduction for anomaly detection. ACM Transactions on Information and System Security 2 (1999) 295–331
Lee, W., Stolfo, S., Mok, K.: Adaptive intrusion detection: A data mining approach. Artificial Intelligence Review 14 (2000) 533–567
Maloof, M., Michalski, R.: A method for partial-memory incremental learning and its application to computer intrusion detection. In: Proceedings of the Seventh IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence, Los Alamitos, CA, IEEE Press (1995) 392–397
Davis, J.: CONVART: A program for constructive induction on time dependent data. Master’s thesis, Department of Computer Science,University of Illinois, Urbana (1981)
Bloedorn, E., Wnek, J., Michalski, R., Kaufman, K.: AQ17 — A multistrategy learning system: The method and user’s guide. Reports of the Machine Learning and Inference Laboratory MLI 93-12, Machine Learning and Inference Laboratory, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA (1993)
Kerber, R.: ChiMerge: Discretization of numeric attributes. In: Proceedings of the Tenth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Menlo Park, CA, AAAI Press (1992) 123–128
Baim, P.: A method for attribute selection in inductive learning systems. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 10 (1988) 888–896
Keppel, G., Saufley, W., Tokunaga, H.: Introduction to design and analysis. 2nd edn. W.H. Freeman, New York, NY (1992)
Maloof, M., Michsalski, R.: AQ-PM: A system for partial memory learning. In: Proceedings of the Eighth Workshop on Intelligent Information Systems, Warsaw, Poland, Polish Academy of Sciences (1999) 70–79
Winston, P.: Learning structural descriptions from examples. In Winston, P., ed.: Psychology of Computer Vision. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA (1975)
Thrun, S., et al.: The MONK’s problems: A performance comparison of different learning algorithms. Technical Report CMU-CS-91-197, School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburg, PA (1991)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2002 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Maloof, M.A., Michalski, R.S. (2002). Incremental Learning with Partial Instance Memory. In: Hacid, MS., RaÅ›, Z.W., Zighed, D.A., Kodratoff, Y. (eds) Foundations of Intelligent Systems. ISMIS 2002. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 2366. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-48050-1_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-48050-1_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-43785-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-48050-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive