Skip to main content
Springer Nature Link
Log in

Credal Classification for Dementia Screening

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (AIME 2001)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNAI,volume 2101))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

Dementia is a very serious personal, medical and social problem. Early and accurate diagnoses seem to be the key to effectively cope with it. This paper presents a diagnostic tool that couples the most widely used computerized system of cognitive tests in dementia research, the Cognitive Drug Research system, with the naive credal classifier. Although the classifier is trained on an incomplete database, it provides unmatched predictive performance and reliability. The tool also proves to be very effective in discriminating between Alzheimer’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies, which is a problem on the frontier of research on dementia.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. H. Allain, E. Neuman, M. Malbezin, V. Salzman, Guez D., K. Wesnes, and J. M. Gandon. Bridging study of S12024 in 53 in-patients with Alzheimer’s disease. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc., 45:125–126, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  2. G. A. Ayre, A. Sahgal, I. G. McKeith, C. G. Ballard, K. Lowery, C. Pincock, M. P. Walker, and K. Wesnes. Distinct profiles of neuropsychological impairment in dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer’s disease. Neurology. In press.

    Google Scholar 

  3. F. G. Cozman. Credal networks. Artificial Intelligence, 120:199–233, 2000.

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  4. P. Domingos. Machine learning. In W. Klosgen and J. Zytkow, editors, Handbook of data mining and knowledge discovery. Oxford University Press, New York. To appear.

    Google Scholar 

  5. P. Domingos and M. Pazzani. On the optimality of the simple Bayesian classifier under zero-one loss. Machine Learning, 29(2/3):103–130, 1997.

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  6. R. O. Duda and P. E. Hart. Pattern classification and scene analysis. Wiley, New York, 1973.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  7. R. O. Duda, P. E. Hart, and D. G. Stork. Pattern classification. Wiley, 2001. 2nd edition.

    Google Scholar 

  8. E. Fagiuoli and M. Zaffalon. 2U: an exact interval propagation algorithm for polytrees with binary variables. Artificial Intelligence, 106(1):77–107, 1998.

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  9. T. D. Fakouhi, Jhee S. S., J. J. Sramek, C. Benes, P. Schwartz, G. Hantsburger, R. Herting, E. A. Swabb, and N. R. Cutler. Evaluation of cycloserine in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry Neurol., 8:226–230, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  10. S. Ferris, U. Lucca, R. Mohs, B. Dubois, K. Wesnes, H. Erzigkeit, D. Geldmacher, and N. Bodick. Objective psychometric tests in clinical trials of dementia drugs. Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders, 11(3):34–38, 1997. Position paper from the InternationalWorking Group on Harmonisation of Dementia Drug Guidelines.

    Google Scholar 

  11. R. Kohavi, G. John, R. Long, D. Manley, and K. Pfleger. MLC++: a machine learning library in C++. In Tools with Artificial Intelligence, pages 740–743. IEEE Computer Society Press, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  12. S. Mani, M. B. Dick, M. J. Pazzani, E. L. Teng, D. Kempler, and I. M. Taussig. Refinement of neuro-psychological tests for dementia screening in a cross cultural population using machine learning. In W. Horn, Y. Shahar, G. Lindberg, S. Andreassen, and J. Wyatt, editors, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, volume 1620, pages 326–335. Springer, 1999. Proc. of the Joint European Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Medical Decision Making, AIMDM’99, Aalborg, Denmark.

    Google Scholar 

  13. I. McKeith, T. Del Ser, F. Spano, K. Wesnes, R. Anand, A. Cicin-Sain, R. Ferrera, and R. Spiegel. Efficacy of rivastigmine in dementia with Lewy bodies: results of a randomised placebo-controlled international study. Lancet, 356:2031–2036, 2000.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. I. G. McKeith and G. A. Ayre. Consensus criteria for the clinical diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies. In K. Iqbal, B. Winblad, T. Nishimura, M. Takeda, and H. M. Wisnieswski, editors, Alzheimer’s Disease: Biology, Diagnosis and Therapeutics, pages 167–178. Wiley, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  15. E. Mohr, V. Knott, M. Sampson, K. Wesnes, R. Herting, and T. Mendis. Cognitive and quantified electroencephalographic correlates of cycloserine treatment in Alzheimer’s disease. Clinical Neuropsychopharmacology, 18:23–38, 1995.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. E. Mohr, D. Walker, C. Randolph, M. Sampson, and T. Mendis. The utility of clinical trial batteries in the measurement of Alzheimer’s and Huntington’s dementia. International Psychogeriatrics, 3:397–411, 1996.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. C. G. Nicholl, S. Lynch, C. A. Kelly, L. White, L. Simpson, P. M. Simpson, K. Wesnes, and B. M. N. Pitt. The cognitive drug research computerised assessment system in the evaluation of early dementia — is speed of the essence? International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 10:199–206, 1995.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. M. Ramoni and P. Sebastiani. Robust Bayes classifiers. Artificial Intelligence, 125(1-2):209–226, 2001.

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  19. K. R. Siegfried. Pharmacodynamic and early clinical studies with velnacrine. Acta Neurol. Scand., 149(10):26–28, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  20. P. M. Simpson, D. J. Surmon, K. A. Wesnes, and G. R. Wilcock. The cognitive drug research computerised assessment system for demented patients: a validation study. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 6:95–102, 1991.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. L. Templeton, A. Barker, K. Wesnes, and D. Wilkinson. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of intravenous flumazenil in Alzheimer’s disease. Human Psychopharmacology, 14:239–245, 1999.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. M. P. Walker, G. A. Ayre, C. H. Ashton, V. R. Marsh, K. Wesnes, E. K. Perry, J. T. O’Brien, I. G. McKeith, and C. G. Ballard. A psychophysiological investigation of fluctuating consciousness in neurodegenerative dementias. Human Psychopharmacology, 14:483–489, 1999.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. M. P. Walker, G. A. Ayre, J. L. Cummings, K. Wesnes, I. G. McKeith, J. T. O’Brien, and C. G. Ballard. Quantifying fluctuation in dementia with Lewy bodies, Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia. Neurology, 54:1616–1625, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  24. M. P. Walker, G. A. Ayre, J. L. Cummings, K. Wesnes, I. G. McKeith, J. T. O’Brien, and C. G. Ballard. The clinician assessment of fluctuation and the one day fluctuation assessment scale. British Journal of Psychiatry, 177:252–256, 2000.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. M. P. Walker, G. A. Ayre, E. K. Perry, K. Wesnes, I. G. McKeith, M. Tovee, J. A. Edwardson, and C. G. Ballard. Quantification and characterisation of fluctuating cognition in dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer’s disease. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 11:327–335, 2000.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. P. Walley. Statistical Reasoning with Imprecise Probabilities. Chapman and Hall, New York, 1991.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  27. K. Wesnes. Predicting, assessing, differentiating and treating the dementias: experience in MCI and various dementias using the CDR computerised cognitive assessment system. In B. Vellas and L. J. Fitten, editors, Research and practice in Alzheimer’s disease, volume 3, pages 59–65. Serdi, Paris, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  28. K. Wesnes, K. Hildebrand, and E. Mohr. Computerised cognitive assessment. In G. W. Wilcock, R. S. Bucks, and K. Rocked, editors, Diagnosis and management of dementia: a manual for memory disorders teams, pages 124–136. Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  29. M. Zaffalon. Exact credal treatment of missing data. Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference. To appear.

    Google Scholar 

  30. M. Zaffalon. The naive credal classifier. Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference. To appear.

    Google Scholar 

  31. M. Zaffalon. Statistical inference of the naive credal classifier. In G. de Cooman, F. Cozman, T. Fine, and S. Moral, editors, ISIPTA’01, Univ. of Gent, Belgium, 2001. The Imprecise Probabilities Project. Accepted for publication.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. IDSIA, Galleria 2, CH-6928, Manno, Switzerland

    Marco Zaffalon

  2. Cognitive Drug Research Ltd., CDR House, 24 Portman Road, Reading, RG30 1EA, UK

    Keith Wesnes

  3. Pharmaton SA, Via ai Mulini, CH-6934, Bioggio, Switzerland

    Orlando Petrini

Authors
  1. Marco Zaffalon
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Keith Wesnes
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Orlando Petrini
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computer Science, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata, 1, 27100, Pavia, Italy

    Silvana Quaglini

  2. Departamento de Informática Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2825-114, Caparica, Portugal

    Pedro Barahona

  3. Department of Medical Informatics and Image Analysis, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajersv ej 7D, 9220, AlborgØst, Denmark

    Steen Andreassen

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2001 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Zaffalon, M., Wesnes, K., Petrini, O. (2001). Credal Classification for Dementia Screening. In: Quaglini, S., Barahona, P., Andreassen, S. (eds) Artificial Intelligence in Medicine. AIME 2001. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 2101. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-48229-6_10

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-48229-6_10

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-42294-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-48229-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics