Skip to main content

Reachability Analysis of (Timed) Petri Nets Using Real Arithmetic

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
CONCUR’99 Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 1999)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNCS,volume 1664))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

In this paper, we address the issue of reachability analysis for Petri nets, viewed as automata with counters. We show that exact reachability analysis can be achieved by treating Petri nets integer variables (counters) as real-valued variables, and using Fourier-Motzkin procedure instead of Presburger elimination procedure. As a consequence, one can safely analyse Petri nets with performant tools, e.g. HyTech, originally designed for analysing automata with real-valued variables (clocks). We also investigate the use of meta-transitions (iterative application of a transition in a single step) and give sufficient conditions ensuring an exact computation in this case. Experimental results with HyTech show an impressive speed-up with respect to previous experiences performed with a Presburger arithmetic solver. The method extends for analysing Petri nets with inhibitors and with timing constraints, but difficulties arise for the treatment of meta-transitions in the latter case.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. R. Alur, C. Courcoubetis and D. Dill. “Model-Checking in Dense Real-Time”. Information and Computation 104:1, 1993, pp. 2–34.

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  2. R. Alur and D. Dill. “Automata for Modeling Real-Time Systems”. ICALP’90, LNCS 443, Springer-Verlag, 1990, pp. 322–335.

    Google Scholar 

  3. J. Bengtsson, K. G. Larsen, F. Larsson, P. Pettersson and W. Yi. “UPPAAL-a Tool Suite for Automatic Verification of Real-Time Systems”. Hybrid Systems III, LNCS 1066, Springer-Verlag, 1996, pp. 232–243.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  4. B. Bérard and L. Fribourg. “Reachability Analysis of (Timed) Petri Nets Using Real Arithmetic”. Technical Report LSV-99-3, CNRS & Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan, March 1999 (http://www.lsv.ens-cachan.fr/Publis/).

  5. G. Berthelot. “Transformations and Decompositions of Nets”. Advances in Petri Nets, LNCS 254, Springer-Verlag, 1986, pp. 359–376.

    Google Scholar 

  6. B. Berthomieu, M. Diaz. “Modeling and verification of time dependent systems using time Petri nets”. IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng. 17:3, 1991, pp. 259–273.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  7. B. Boigelot and P. Wolper. “Symbolic Verification with Periodic Sets”. CAV’94, LNCS 818, Springer-Verlag, 1994, pp. 55–67.

    Google Scholar 

  8. G. W. Brams. Réseaux de Petri: Théorie et Pratique. Masson, Paris, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  9. T. Bultan, R. Gerber and W. Pugh. “Symbolic Model Checking of Infinite State Systems Using Presburger Arithmetic”. CAV’97, LNCS 1254, 1997, pp. 400–411.

    Google Scholar 

  10. F. Chu and X. Xie. “Deadlock Analysis of Petri Nets Using Siphons and Mathematical Programming”. To appear in IEEE Trans. on Robotics and Automation.

    Google Scholar 

  11. J. M. Colom and M. Silva. “Convex geometry and semiflows in P/T nets. A comparative study of algorithms for computation of minimal p-semiflows”. Advances in Petri Nets, LNCS 483, Springer-Verlag, 1990, pp. 79–112.

    Google Scholar 

  12. H. Comon and Y. Jurski. “Multiple Counters Automata, Safety Analysis and Presburger Arithmetic”. CAV’98, LNCS 1427, Springer-Verlag, 1998, pp. 268–279.

    Google Scholar 

  13. H. Comon and Y. Jurski. “Timed automata and the theory of real numbers”. CAV’99, LNCS, Springer-Verlag, 1999. (This volume)

    Google Scholar 

  14. P. Cousot and R. Cousot. “Abstract Interpretation: a uniéd lattice model for static analysis of programs by construction or approximation of fixpoints”. POPL’77, ACM Press, 1977, pp. 238–252.

    Google Scholar 

  15. P. Cousot and N. Halbwachs. “Automatic Discovery of Linear Restraints Among Variables of A Program”. POPL’78, ACM Press, 1978, pp. 84–97.

    Google Scholar 

  16. R. David and H. Alla. Du Grafcet aux Réseaux de Petri, Hermés, Paris, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Delzanno and A. Podelski. “Model-Checking in CLP”. TACAS’99, LNCS 1579, Springer-Verlag, 1999, pp. 223–239.

    Google Scholar 

  18. J. Esparza and M. Nielsen. “Decidability Issues for Petri Nets-a Survey”. EATCS Bulletin 52, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  19. A. Finkel. “The Minimal Coverability Graph for Petri Nets”. Advances in Petri Nets. LNCS 674, Springer-Verlag, 1993, pp. 211–243.

    Google Scholar 

  20. L. Fribourg and H. Olsén. “Proving safety Properties of Infinite State Systems by Compilation into Presburger Arithmetic”. CONCUR’97, LNCS 1243, SpringerVerlag, 1997, pp. 213–227.

    Google Scholar 

  21. L. Fribourg and H. Olsén. “A Decompositional Approach for Computing Least Fixed-Points of Datalog Programs withZ-counters”. Constraints: An International Journal, 2, 1997, pp. 305–335.

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  22. GIE CB. “Protocole normalisé de connexion au systéme d’autorisation: spécifications PNCSA Version 2”. Document C Communication OSI, 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  23. R. Gorrieri and G. Silipandri. “Real-Time System Verification using P/T Nets”. CAV’94, LNCS 818, Springer-Verlag, 1994, pp. 14–26.

    Google Scholar 

  24. N. Halbwachs. “Delay Analysis in Synchronous Programs”. CAV’93, LNCS 697, Springer-Verlag, 1993, pp. 333–346.

    Google Scholar 

  25. W. Harvey, P. J. Stuckey and A. Borning. “Compiling Constraint Solving Using Projection”. CP’97, LNCS 1330, Springer-Verlag, 1997, pp. 491–505.

    Google Scholar 

  26. T. Henzinger, P.-H. Ho and H. Wong-Toi. “A user Guide to HyTech”. TACAS’95, LNCS 1019, Springer-Verlag, 1995, pp. 41–71.

    Google Scholar 

  27. W. Kelly, W. Pugh, E. Rosser and T. Shpeisman. Transitive closure of infinite graphs and its applications. Technical Report CS-TR-3457, UMIACS-TR-95-48, University of Maryland, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  28. P. Merlin and D. J. Farber. “Recoverability of communication protocols”. IEEE Trans. on Communications 24:9, Sept. 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  29. H. Olsén. Automatic Verification of Petri Nets in a CLP framework. Ph.D Thesis, University of Linköping, Sweden, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  30. W. Pugh. “A practical integer algorithm for exact array dependence analysis”. C.ACM 35:8, 1992, pp. 102–114.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. A. Schrijver, Theory of Linear and Integer Programming, Wiley, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  32. T. R. Shiple, J. H. Kukula and R. K. Ranjan. “A Comparison of Presburger Engines for EFSM Reachability”. CAV’98, LNCS 1427, Springer-Verlag, 1998, pp. 280–292.

    Google Scholar 

  33. R. Shostack. “Deciding linear inequalities by computing loop residues”. J. ACM 28:4, 1981, pp. 769–779.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. R. Sloan and U. Buy. “Reduction rules for time Petri nets”. Acta Informatica 33, 1996, pp. 687–706.

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  35. P. Wolper and B. Boigelot. “Verifying Systems with Infinite but Regular State Spaces”. CAV’98, LNCS 1427, Springer-Verlag, 1998, pp. 88–97.

    Google Scholar 

  36. M. C. Zhou, F. Dicesare and A. A. Desrochers. “A HybridMethodology for Synthesis of Petri Net Models for Manufacturing Systems”. IEEE Trans. on Robotics and Automation 8:3, 1993, pp. 350–361.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1999 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Bérard, B., Fribourg, L. (1999). Reachability Analysis of (Timed) Petri Nets Using Real Arithmetic. In: Baeten, J.C.M., Mauw, S. (eds) CONCUR’99 Concurrency Theory. CONCUR 1999. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 1664. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-48320-9_14

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-48320-9_14

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-66425-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-48320-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics