Skip to main content

A pragmatic look at artificial intelligence

The proper proper treatment of connectionism

  • Knowledge Representation
  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
EPIA 89 (EPIA 1989)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNAI,volume 390))

Included in the following conference series:

  • 140 Accesses

Abstract

Based on recent claims and counter-claims about the nature of human mental processing, this article reviews some of the evidence presented, and tries to dispel some myths surrounding the ‘new’ cognitive science (also called ‘PDP’, ‘connectionism’, ‘neural network theory’, and so on).

In particular, the question of the so-called ‘subsymbolic’ level of representation is raised, and some of the implications of implementing fully connectionist machines in a human surrounding are discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Chomsky, Noam. 1957. Syntactic Structures. The Hague: Mouton.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chomsky, Noam. 1959. Review of B.F. Skinner, Verbal Behavior. Language 35:26–58.

    Google Scholar 

  • Diderich, Joachim. 1988. Trends im Konnektionismus. Künstliche Intelligenz 1/88:28–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dietrich, Eric & Chris Fields. 1988. Some assumptions underlying Smolensky's treatment of connectionism. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 11(1):29–31.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dreyfus, Hubert L. & Stuart E. Dreyfus. 1986. Mind over machine: The power of human intuition and expertise in the era of the computer. Oxford: Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Feldman, Jerry A. 1981. A connectionist model of visual memory. In: G.A. Hinton & J.A. Anderson (eds.), Parallel models of associative memory. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Feldman, Jerry A. & David H. Ballard. 1982. Connectionist models and their properties. Cognitive Science 6:205–254.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fodor, Jerry A. 1975. The language of thought. New York: Crowell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fodor, Jerry A. & Zenon W. Pylyshyn. 1988. Connectionism and cognitive architecture: A critical analysis. Cognition 28:3–71.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hjelmslev, Louis. 1943. Omkring sprogteoriens grundlæggelse. Copenhagen: Munksgaard. [Engl. tr. Prolegomena to a theory of language. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press (1954).]

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoeppner, Wolfgang. 1988. Konnektionismus, Künstliche Intelligenz und Informatik — Beziehungen und Bedenken. Künstliche Intelligenz 4/88:27–31.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kohonen, Teuvo. 1988. Self-organization and associative memory. Berlin: Springer [1977].

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuhn, Thomas. 1962. The structure of scientific revolutions. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lachter, Joel & Thomas G. Bever. 1988. The relation between linguistic structure and associative theories of language learning: A constructive critique of some connectionist learning models. Cognition 28: 195–247.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lakatos, Imre. 1970. Falsification and the methodology of scientific research programmes. In: I. Lakatos & A. Musgrave (eds.), Criticism and the growth of knowledge. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lehnert, Wendy. 1987. Possible implications of connectionism. In: Wilks, ed. 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  • McClelland, James L., David E. Rumelhart & the PDP Research Group. 1986. Parallel distributed processing: Explorations in the microstructure of cognition. Vol. 2: Psychological and biological models. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Minsky, Marvin. 1963. Steps toward artificial intelligence. In: Edward A. Feigenbaum & Jerry A. Feldman, eds., Computers and thought. New York: McGraw-Hill.

    Google Scholar 

  • Minsky, Marvin & Seymour L. Papert. 1969. Perceptrons. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pinker, Steven & Alan Prince. 1988. On language and connectionism: Analysis of a parallel distributed and processing model of language acquisition. Cognition 28:73–193.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rees, Nigel. 1983. Graffiti. [Danish tr.]. Copenhagen: Apostrof.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rumelhart, David E., James McClelland and the PDP Research Group. 1986. Parallel distributed processing: Explorations in the microstructure of processing. Vol. 1: Foundations. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rumelhart, David E. & James L. McClellan. 1986a. PDP models and general issues in cognitive science. In: Rumelhart et al. 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rumelhart, David E. & James McClelland. 1986b. On learning the past tenses of English verbs. In: McClelland et al. 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  • Searle, John. 1984. Minds, brains and science. London: BBC (The Reith Lectures; The Listener, Nov.–Dec. 1984).

    Google Scholar 

  • Shepard, Roger N. 1988. How fully should connectionism be activated? Two sources of excitation and one of inhibition. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 11(1):52.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smolensky, Paul. 1988. On the proper treatment of connectionism. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 11(1):1–74.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilks, Yorick, ed. 1987. TINLAP-3: Theoretical issues in natural language processing. Las Cruces, NM: New Mexico State University, Computer Research Laboratory.

    Google Scholar 

  • Winograd, Terry & Fernando Flores. 1986. Understanding computers and cognition: Toward a new foundation of design. Norwood, NJ: Ablex.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

J. P. Martins E. M. Morgado

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1989 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Mey, J.L. (1989). A pragmatic look at artificial intelligence. In: Martins, J.P., Morgado, E.M. (eds) EPIA 89. EPIA 1989. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 390. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-51665-4_69

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-51665-4_69

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-51665-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-46743-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics