Abstract
The Entity-Relationship model is frequently used during conceptual database design phases. However, this model can be enriched and then used for the complete lifecycle of a database as an interface model. For this purpose, the concepts of the ER-model need to be theoretically wellfounded. The aim of this paper is to show how the theoretical basis of one of the most important class of integrity constraints can be constructed and then used for the exploitation in practical database tasks. The concept of cardinality constraints is defined, generalized and used for the simplification of the design, for the improvement of maintenance programs and for the detection of problematic design decisions.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
C. Batini, S. Ceri, and S. Navathe, Conceptual database design, An entityrelationship approach. Benjamin Cummings, Redwood, 1992.
P. Buneman, S. Davidson, and A. Kosky, Theoretical aspects of schema merging. Proc. EDBT92, LNCS 580, 152–167.
M.A. Casanova, R. Fagin, and C.H. Papadimitiou, Inclusion dependencies and their interaction with functional dependencies. Journal of Computer and System Sciences, 28 1, 1984, 29–59.
P. P. S. Chen. The Entity-Relationship Model: Toward a unified view of data. ACM TODS 1, 1, 1976, 9–36.
S.S. Cosmodakis and P.C. Kanellakis, Functional and inclusion dependencies — A graph theoretic approach. Technical Report CS-83-21, Brown University, Dept. of Computer Science, 1983.
R. Elmasri and S. H. Navathe, Fundamentals of database systems. Benjamin/Cummings Publ., Redwood City, 1989.
S. Ferg, Cardinality concepts in entity-relationship modeling. Proc. 10 ER-Conference (ed. T. Teorey), 1991, 1–30.
J. Grant and J. Minker, Inferences for numerical dependencies. Theoretical Computer Science 41, 1985, 271–287.
P.C. Kanellakis, S.S. Cosmodakis, and M.Y. Vardi, Unary inclusion dependencies have polynomial time inference problems. Technical report CS-83-09, Brown University, Dept. of Computer Science, 1983.
I. Kobayashi, An overview of database mangement technology. In Advances in Information System Science, ed. J.T. Tou, Vol. 9, Plenum Press, New York, 1985.
M. Lenzerini and P. Nobili, On the satisfiability of dependency constraints in entity-relationship schemata. Information Systems, Vol. 15, 4, 1990, 453–461.
J.C Mitchell, The implication problem for functional and inclusion dependencies. Information and Control, 56, 3, 1983, 154–173.
G. M. Nijssen and T. A. Halpin. Conceptual schema and relational database design — a fact oriented approach. Prentice Hall, Sydney 1989.
N. Rishe. Database Design Fundamentals. Prentice-Hall, Englewood-Cliffs, 1988.
K.-D. Schewe, J.W. Schmidt, B. Thalheim, and I. Wetzel, Integrity Enforcement in Object-Oriented Databases. Workshop Modelling Database Dynamics, Volkse 1992.
J.T. Teorey. Database Modeling and Design: The Entity-Relationship Approach. Morgan Kaufmann Publ. San Mateo, 1989.
B. Thalheim. The higher-order entity-relationship model and (DB)2. LNCS 364, Springer 1989, 382–397.
B. Thalheim. Dependencies in Relational Databases. Leipzig, Teubner Verlag 1991.
B. Thalheim, Concepts of database design. In: Trends in database management systems, (eds. G. Vossen, K.-U. Witt), Oldenbourg, München, 1–48 (in German).
B. Thalheim, The database design system (DB2). Research and Practical issues in databases (eds. B. Srinivasan, J. Zeleznikow), Worlds Scientific, Singapore, 1992, 279–292.
B. Thalheim, Foundations of entity-relationship modeling. Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence, 6, Nov. 1992.
B. Thalheim, Fundamentals of the entity-relationship model. Springer, Heidelberg, 1993.
D. Tsichritzis and F. Lochovsky, Data Models. Prentice-Hall, 1982.
G. Vossen. Datenmodelle, Datenbanksprachen und Datenbank-Management-Systeme. Addison-Wesley, Bonn, 1987.
J. Zhu, R. Nassif, P. Goyal, P. Drew and B. Askelid. Incorporating a model hierarchy into the ER paradigm. Proc. 9th ER Conference, ed. H. Kangassalo, 1990, 68–80.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1992 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Thalheim, B. (1992). Fundamentals of cardinality constraints. In: Pernul, G., Tjoa, A. (eds) Entity-Relationship Approach — ER '92. ER 1992. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 645. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-56023-8_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-56023-8_3
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-56023-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-47356-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive