Abstract
The Share-Kit is a toolkit that allows upgrading single-user software to groupware. It creates data structures and primitives that can be used by various applications to export data to share with other applications. This results in a high degree of independence from the underlying system-environment. During the development of this toolkit we had to face the question of what specific semantic levels would be supported for the cooperation: The data of an operation (e.g. the construction of a simple graphic) can either be sent after the operation is finished or each input/transaction can be sent immediately. This issue influences every semantic level down to that of the exchanged data. Software developers will be able to structure the semantic levels of their existing and future software application releases to achieve flexible cooperation.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Michael P. Altenhofen. Shared X — a modified library to give dynamic multi-display support. Available on the Internet, 1992.
Ute Bormann and Carsten Bormann. ISOTEXT — A WYSIWYG editing and formatting system for ODA and SGML documents. In Proceedings of the GI/ITG-Workshop „Offene Multifunktionale Arbeitsplätze” — von Btx bis B-ISDN, Berlin, 1988.
T. Crowley, E. Baker, H. Forsdick, P. Milazzo, and R. Tomlinson. MMConf: An infrastructure for building shared multimedia applications. In Proceedings of the Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, CSCW 90, page 329, Los Angeles, CA, 1990. ACM.
Prasun Dewan and Rajiv Choudhary. Flexible user interface coupling in a collaborative system. In Proceedings of the Conferenceon Human Factors in Computing Systems CHI'91, pages 41–48. ACM, 1991.
Simon Gibbs. Liza: An extensible groupware toolkit. In CHI'89 — Conference Proceedings on Human Factors in Computing Systems, page 29, Austin, Texas, 1989. ACM.
Saul Greenberg. Personalizable groupware: Accomodating individual roles and group differences. In European Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work, ECSCW 91, page 17, Amsterdam, 1991. North-Holland.
Hiroshi Ishii. TeamWorkStation: Towards a seamless shared workspace. In Proceedings of the Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, CSCW 90, page 13, Los Angeles, CA, 1990. ACM.
S.M. Kaplan, W.J. Tolone, D.P. Bogia, and C. Bignoli. Flexible, active support for collaborative work with ConversationBuilder. In Proceedings of the Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work, CSCW'92:, pages 378–385, Toronto, Ontario, 1992. ACM.
Michael J. Knister and Atul Prakash. DistEdit: A distributed toolkit for supporting multiple group editors. In Proceedings of the Conferenceon Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, CSCW'90, pages 343–355, Los Angeles, CA, 1990. ACM.
Michael J. Knister and Atul Prakash. Undoing actions in collaborative work. In Proceedings of the Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, CSCW'92, pages 273–280, Toronto, Ontario, 1992. ACM.
Multipoint Communication Service: Draft T.122 (T.MCS). Standard, CCITT, Question 23, Study Group VIII, 1992.
M. Roseman and S. Greenberg. Building real-time groupware. In Proceedings of the Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, CSCW'92, pages 43–50, Toronto, Ontario, 1992. ACM.
M. Stefik, D.G. Brobow, G. Foster, S. Lanning, and D. Tatar. WYSIWIS Revised: Early experiences with multiuser interfaces. ACM Transactions on Office Information Systems 5:2, pages 147–167, April 1987.
Jörg Ott. CCITT T.122 Multipoint Communication Service — Implementation, Experiences and Extensions. Internal Paper. Technical University of Berlin., 1992.
John F. Patterson, Ralph D. Hill, Steven L. Rohall, and W. Scott Meeks. Rendezvous: An architecture for synchronous multi-user applications. In Proceedings of the Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, CSCW 90, page 317, Los Angeles, CA, 1990. ACM.
Sigram Schindler. Broadband Technology within the DIDAMES project (Race R1060). International Conference on Integrated Broadband Services and Networks, 329:148/52, 1990.
SUN. rpcgen-RPC protocol compiler, 1992. ‘rpcgen’ Programming Guide in the Network Programming Manual.
Supoj Sutanthavibul. A part of the M.I.T. X-Window System distribution., 1985. Facility for interactive generation of figures under the X-Window System.
Kazuo Watabe, Shiro Sakata, Kazutoshi Maeno, Hideyuki Fukuora, and Toyoko Ohmori. Distributed multiparty desktop conferencing system: MERMAID. In Proceedings of the Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, CSCW 90, page 27, Los Angeles, CA, 1990. ACM.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1993 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Edlich, S. (1993). Software cooperation with the share-kit: Influences of semantic levels on the working efficiency. In: Grechenig, T., Tscheligi, M. (eds) Human Computer Interaction. VCHCI 1993. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 733. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-57312-7_71
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-57312-7_71
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-57312-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-48052-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive