Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Designing and implementing correct real-time systems

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Formal Techniques in Real-Time and Fault-Tolerant Systems (FTRTFT 1994, ProCoS 1994)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNCS,volume 863))

Abstract

Existing formal methods for real-time largely deal with abstract models of real-time systems, and seldom address implementation issues; they are mainly used for modelling and specification. In this paper we propose an alternative approach, in which a new timed process algebra, AORTA, is used as a design language, which can be verifiably implemented. As well as introducing and formally defining the language, methods for implementation and verification are discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. R Alur, C Courcoubetis, and D Dill. Model-checking for real-time systems. In IEEE Fifth Annual Symposium On Logic In Computer Science, pages 414–425, June 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  2. J C M Baeten and J A Bergstra. Real time process algebra. Formal Aspects of Computing, 3(2):142–188, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  3. H Barringer, M Fisher, D Gabbay, G Gough, and R Owens. Metatem: A framework for programming in temporal logic. Technical Report Series UMCS-89-10-4, Department of Computer Science. University of Manchester, Oxford Rd, Manchester, October 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  4. B Berthomieu and M Diaz. Modeling and verification of time dependent systems using time Petri nets. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, 17(3):199–273, March 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  5. T Bolognesi and F Lucidi. LOTOS-like process algebras with urgent or timed interactions. In K R Parker and G A Rose, editors, Formal Description Techniques IV, FORTE '91, pages 249–264. North Holland, November 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  6. T Bolognesi, F Lucidi, and S Trigila. From timed Petri nets to timed LOTOS. In L Logrippo, R L Probert, and H Ural, editors, Protocol Specification, Testing and Verification X, pages 395–408. North-Holland, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  7. S Bradley, W Henderson, D Kendall, and A Robson. A formally based hard realtime kernel. Technical Report NPC-TRS-94-3, Department of Computing, University of Northumbria, UK, 1994. To appear in November 1994 edition of Microprocessors and Microsystems, special issue on hard real-time kernels.

    Google Scholar 

  8. S Bradley, W Henderson, D Kendall, and A Robson. Practical formal development of real-time systems. In 11th IEEE Workshop on Real-Time Operating Systems and Software, RTOSS '94, pages 44–48, May 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  9. A Burns. Scheduling hard real-time systems: a review. Software Engineering Journal, 6(3):116–128, May 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  10. L Chen. An interleaving model for real-time systems. Technical Report ECS-LFCS-91-184, Edinburgh University, November 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  11. M Daniels. Modelling real-time behavior with an interval time calculus. In J Vytopil, editor, Formal techniques in real-time and fault-tolerant systems Second international symposium, Lecture Notes in Computer Science 571, pages 53–71. Springer-Verlag, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  12. E A Emerson, A K Mok, A P Sistla, and J Srinivasan. Quantitative temporal reasoning. Real-Time Systems, 4(4):331–352, December 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  13. M Felder, C Ghezzi, and M Pezze. High-level timed Petri nets as a kernel for executable specifications. Real Time Systems, 5(2/3):235–248, May 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  14. R Gerber and I Lee. A layered approach to automating the verification of real-time systems. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, 18(9):768–784, September 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  15. C Ghezzi, D Mandrioli, and A Morzenti. Trio: A logic language for executable specifications of real-time systems. Technical Report 89-006, Politecnico di Milano, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  16. D Gilbert. Executable LOTOS. In Rudin and West, editors, Protocol Specification, Testing and Verification VII, pages 281–294. North-Holland, North-Holland, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  17. J F Groote. Transition system specifications with negative premises. In J C M Baeten and J W Klop, editors, CONCUR '90, Lecture Notes in Computer Science 458, pages 332–341, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  18. H Hansson. A calculus for communicating systems with time and probabilities. In Proc. 11th real-time systems symposium 1990, pages 278–287, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  19. F Jahanian, R Lee, and A K Mok. Semantics of modecharts in real time logic. In Proceedings of 21st Hawaii International conference on system Science, pages 479–489. IEEE, IEEE Press. 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  20. C B Jones. Systematic software development using VDM. Prentice-Hall, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  21. G Jones. Programming in occam. Prentice Hall, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  22. P Krishnan. A model for real-time systems. In Proc. Foundations of Computer Science, pages 298–307, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  23. G Leduc. An upward compatible timed extension to LOTOS. In K R Parker and G A Rose, editors, Formal Description Techniques IV, FORTE '91. North Holland, November 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  24. H R Lewis. A logic of concrete time intervals. In IEEE Fifth Annual Symposium On Logic In Computer Science, pages 380–389, June 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  25. A McClenaghan. Mapping time-extended LOTOS to standard LOTOS. In K R Parker and G A Rose, editors, Formal Description Techniques IV, FORTE '91, pages 233–248. North Holland, November 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  26. B Moszkowski. Executing Temporal Logic Programs. C.U.P., 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  27. X Nicollin and J Sifakis. An overview and synthesis on timed process algebras. In J W de Bakker, C Huizing, W P de Roever, and G Rozenberg, editors, Real-Time: Theory in Practice. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 600, pages 526–548. Springer-Verlag, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  28. X Nicollin, J Sifakis, and S Yovine. From ATP to timed graphs and hybrid systems. In J W de Bakker, C Huizing, W P de Roever, and G Rozenberg, editors, Real-Time: Theory in Practice (REX workshop), Lecture Notes in Computer Science 600, pages 549–572. Springer-Verlag. June 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  29. J S Ostroff. Formal methods for the specification and design of real-time safety critical systems. Journal of Systems and Software, 18(1):33–60, April 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  30. J S Ostroff. A verifier for real-time properties. Real-Time Systems, 4(1):5–36, March 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  31. C Y Park. Predicting program execution times by analyzing static and dynamic program paths. Real-Time Systems, 5(1):31–62, March 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  32. C Y Park and A C Shaw. Experiments with a program timing tool based on source-level timing schema. Computer, pages 48–57, May 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  33. P Puschner and Ch Koza. Calculating the maximum execution time of real-time programs. Journal of Real-Time systems, 1:159–176, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  34. J Quemada and A Fernandez. Introduction of quantitative relative time into LOTOS. In H Rudin and C H West, editors, Protocol Specification, Testing and Verification VII, pages 105–121. IFIP, North-Holland, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  35. S Schneider, J Davies, D M Jackson, G M Reed, J N Reed, and A W Roscoe. Timed CSP: Theory and practice. In J W de Bakker, C Huizing, W P de Roever, and G Rozenberg, editors, Real-Time: Theory in Practice (REX workshop), Lecture Notes in Computer Science 600, pages 640–675. Springer-Verlag, June 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  36. D J Scholefield and H S M Zedan. TAM: A formal framework for the development of distributed real-time systems. In J Vytopil, editor, Formal techniques in real-time and fault-tolerant systems Second international symposium, Lecture Notes in Computer Science 571, pages 411–428. Springer-Verlag, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  37. A C Shaw. Communicating real-time machines. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, 18(9):805–816, September 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  38. R Sisto, L Ciminiera, and A Valenzano. A protocol for multirendezvous of LOTOS processes. IEEE transactions on computers, 40(1):437–446, April 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  39. J M Spivey. The Z notation: A reference manual. Prentice Hall, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  40. C Tofts. Timed concurrent processes. In Semantics for Concurrency, pages 281–294, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  41. I Tvrdy. From LOTOS to OCCAM. In Second International Conference on Software Engineering for Real Time Systems, pages 175–179. The Computing and Control Division of the Institution of Electrical Engineers, September 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  42. A Valenzano, R Sisto, and L Ciminiera. Rapid prototyping of protocols from LOTOS specifications. Software — Practice and Experience, 23(1):31–54, January 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  43. W Yi. Real-time behaviour of asynchronous agents. In CONCUR 90, Lecture Notes in Computer Science 458, pages 502–520. Springer-Verlag, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computing, University of Northumbria at Newcastle, Ellison Place, NE1 8ST, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

    Steven Bradley, William Henderson, David Kendall & Adrian Robson

Authors
  1. Steven Bradley
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. William Henderson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. David Kendall
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Adrian Robson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Hans Langmaack Willem-Paul de Roever Jan Vytopil

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1994 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Bradley, S., Henderson, W., Kendall, D., Robson, A. (1994). Designing and implementing correct real-time systems. In: Langmaack, H., de Roever, WP., Vytopil, J. (eds) Formal Techniques in Real-Time and Fault-Tolerant Systems. FTRTFT ProCoS 1994 1994. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 863. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-58468-4_168

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-58468-4_168

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-58468-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-48984-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation