Abstract
We consider learnability with membership queries in the presence of incomplete information. In the incomplete boundary query model introduced by Blum et al. [7], it is assumed that membership queries on instances near the boundary of the target concept may receive a “don't know” answer.
We show that zero-one threshold functions are efficiently learnable in this model. The learning algorithm uses split graphs when the boundary region has radius 1, and their generalization to split hypergraphs (for which we give a split-finding algorithm) when the boundary region has constant radius greater than 1. We use a notion of indistinguishability of concepts that is appropriate for this model.
Partially supported by NSF grant CCR-9314258.
Partially supported by NSF grant CCR-9208170, OTKA grant T-14228, and Phare TDQM grant 9305-02/1022 (ILP2/HUN).
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
D. Angluin. Queries and concept learning. Machine Learning, 2(4):319–342, Apr. 1988.
D. Angluin and M. Kriķis. Learning with malicious membership queries and exceptions. In Proc. 7th Annu. ACM Workshop on Comput. Learning Theory, pages 57–66. ACM Press, New York, NY, 1994.
D. Angluin, M. Kriķis, R. H. Sloan, and G. Turán. Malicious omissions and errors in answers to membership queries. Machine Learning. To appear.
D. Angluin and P. Laird. Learning from noisy examples. Machine Learning, 2(4):343–370, 1988.
D. Angluin and D. K. Slonim. Randomly fallible teachers: learning monotone DNF with an incomplete membership oracle. Machine Learning, 14(1):7–26, 1994.
M. Anthony, G. Brightwell, D. Cohen, and J. Shawe-Taylor. On exact specification by examples. In Proc. 5th Annu. Workshop on Comput. Learning Theory, pages 311–318. ACM Press, New York, NY, 1992.
A. Blum, P. Chalasani, S. A. Goldman, and D. K. Slonim. Learning with unreliable boundary queries. In Proc. 8th Annu. Conf. on Comput. Learning Theory, pages 98–107. ACM Press, New York, NY, 1995.
N. Bshouty, T. Hancock, L. Hellerstein, and M. Karpinski. An algorithm to learn read-once threshold formulas, and transformations between learning models. Computational Complexity, 4:37–61, 1994.
S. Földes and P. L. Hammer. Split graphs. Congressus Numerantium, 19:311–315, 1977.
S. A. Goldman and H. D. Mathias. Learning k-term DNF formulas with an incomplete membership oracle. In Proc. 5th Annu. Workshop on Comput. Learning Theory, pages 77–84. ACM Press, New York, NY, 1992.
S. A. Goldman and R. H. Sloan. Can PAC learning algorithms tolerate random attribute noise? Algorithmica, 14:70–84, 1995.
M. C. Golumbic. Algorithmic Graph Theory and Perfect Graphs. Computer Science and Applied Mathematics. Academic Press, New York, 1980.
Q. P. Gu and A. Maruoka. Learning monotone boolean functions by uniformly distributed examples. SIAM J. Comput., 21:587–599, 1992.
T. Hegedüs. On training simple neural networks and small-weight neurons. In Computational Learning Theory: Eurocolt '93, volume New Series Number 53 of The Institute of Mathematics and its Applications Conference Series, pages 69–82, Oxford, 1994. Oxford University Press.
K. J. Lang and E. B. Baum. Query learning can work poorly when a human oracle is used. In International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, Beijing, 1992.
N. Littlestone. Learning quickly when irrelevant attributes abound: A new linear-threshold algorithm. Machine Learning, 2:285–318, 1988.
N. V. R. Mahadev and U. N. Peled. Threshold Graphs and Related Topics, volume 56 of Annals of Discrete Mathematics. Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 1995.
U. Peled. Personal Communication.
L. Pitt and L. Valiant. Computational limitations on learning from examples. J. ACM, 35:965–984, 1988.
Y. Sakakibara. On learning from queries and counterexamples in the presence of noise. Inform. Proc. Lett., 37:279–284, 1991.
R. H. Sloan. Four types of noise in data for PAC learning. Inform. Proc. Lett., 54:157–162, 1995.
R. H. Sloan and G. Turán. Learning with queries but incomplete information. In Proc. 7th Annu. ACM Workshop on Comput. Learning Theory, pages 237–245. ACM Press, New York, NY, 1994.
L. G. Valiant. Learning disjunctions of conjunctions. In Proceedings of the 9th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, vol. 1, pages 560–566, Los Angeles, California, 1985. International Joint Committee for Artificial Intelligence.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1997 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Sloan, R.H., Turán, G. (1997). Learning from incomplete boundary queries using split graphs and hypergraphs. In: Ben-David, S. (eds) Computational Learning Theory. EuroCOLT 1997. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 1208. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-62685-9_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-62685-9_5
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-62685-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-68431-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive