Skip to main content

How do autonomous agents solve social dilemmas?

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Intelligent Agent Systems Theoretical and Practical Issues (IAS 1996)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNAI,volume 1209))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

This paper explores the problem of cooperation of autonomous agents. Why it is important for autonomous agents to solve social dilemma problems is explained. They must be solved in a way that does not restrict the autonomy of agents. For that purpose, a social sanction by the disclosure of information is proposed. Agents were made to play the Prisoner's Dilemma game repetitively, each time changing the other party of the match, under the condition that the match history would be disclosed to the public. Computer simulation shows that 1) under the disclosure of information, even a selfish agent comes to cooperate for its own sake, and 2) an agent can learn how to cooperate through interactions with other agents. Thus autonomous agents can solve the dilemma problem by themselves. The paper then discusses the role of commitment in solving the social dilemma problems.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Angeline, P. J., “An Alternate Interpretation of the Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma and the Evolution of Non-Mutual Cooperation”, Artificial Life VI, pp.353–358, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Axelrod, R., and Hamilton, W. D.: “The Evolution of Cooperation,” Science, Vol. 211, Mar. 1981, pp. 1390–1396.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Axelrod, R.: The Evolution of Cooperation, Basic Books Inc., 1984.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Axelrod, R., and Dion, D.: “The Further Evolution of Cooperation,” Science, Vol. 242, Dec. 1988, pp. 1385–1390.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Banks, S., “Exploring the Foundations of artificial Societies: Experiments in Evolving Solutions to Iterated N-player Prisoner's Dilemma.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Batali, J., and Kitcher, P., “Evolutionary Dynamics of Altruistic behavior in Optional and Compulsory Versions of the Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma”, Artificial Life VI, pp.343–348, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Frank, R. H.: Passions within reason, The strategic role of the emotions, W.W. Norton & Company, Inc., 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Ito, A., and Yano, H.: “The Emergence of Cooperation in a Society of Autonomous Agents,” First Intl. Conf. on Multi Agent Systems, (ICMAS'95), pp.201–208, San Fransisco, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Liebrand, W. B. G. and Messick, D. M. (eds.), Frontiers in Social Dilemmas Research, Springer, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Lindgren, K.: “Evolutionary Phenomena in Simple Dynamics,” Artificial Life II, C. G. Langton (eds.), Addison Wesley, 1992, pp. 295–312.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Oliphant, M., “Evolving Cooperation in the Non-Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma: The Importance of Spatial Organization”, Artificial Life VI, pp.349–352, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Osborne, M. J. and Rubinstein, A., A Course in Game Theory, The MIT Press, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Ray, T. S.: “An Approach to the Synthesis of Life,” Artificial Life II, C. G. Langton et al. (ed.), Addison-Wesley, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Rosenschein, J. S., and Genesereth, M. R.: “Deals Among Rational Agents,” Proc. 9th Intl. Joint Conf. on Artificial Intelligence (IJ-CAI'85), Aug. 1985, pp. 91–99.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Rosenschein, J. S., and Zlotkin, G.: Rules of encounter, Designing Conventionbs for Automated Negotiation among Computers, The MIT Press, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Werner, G. M, and and Dyer, M. G., “Evolution of Communication in Artificial Organisms,” C. G. Langton (eds.), Artificial Life II, Addison Wesley, 1992, pp. 659–687.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Wu, J. and Axelrod, R., “How to Cope with Noise in the Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma”, Journal of Conflict Resolution, pp.1–5(1994)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Lawrence Cavedon Anand Rao Wayne Wobcke

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1997 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Ito, A. (1997). How do autonomous agents solve social dilemmas?. In: Cavedon, L., Rao, A., Wobcke, W. (eds) Intelligent Agent Systems Theoretical and Practical Issues. IAS 1996. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 1209. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-62686-7_36

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-62686-7_36

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-62686-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-68433-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics