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Definition
Photon noise, also known as Poisson noise, is a basic form of uncertainty associated with the measurement of light, inherent to the quantized nature of light and the independence of photon detections. Its expected magnitude is signal dependent and constitutes the dominant source of image noise except in low-light conditions.
Background
Image sensors measure scene irradiance by counting the number of discrete photons incident on the sensor over a given time interval. In digital sensors, the photoelectric effect is used to convert photons into electrons, whereas film-based sensors rely on photosensitive chemical reactions. In both cases, the independence of random individual photon arrivals leads to photon noise, a signal-dependent form of uncertainty that is a property of the underlying signal itself.
In computer vision, a widespread approximation is to model image noise as signal independent, often using a...
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Hasinoff, S.W. (2014). Photon, Poisson Noise. In: Ikeuchi, K. (eds) Computer Vision. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-31439-6_482
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-31439-6_482
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