Synonyms
Decision support; Rural hydrology; Soil and water assessment tool “SWAT”
Definition
Rural hydrologic decision support, in a general sense, is a tool or data set that supports decision makers with an emphasis on hydrology and its effects on other environmental factors. A hydrologic model such as the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) could be referred to as a rural hydrologic decision support tool.
Historical Background
The typical data used for hydrologic decision support were streamflow datasets or possibly groundwater depth. For example, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) maintains a large number of stream gauges around the US. Figure 1 shows an example of stream gauge data output. Gauges, such as the one on the Mississippi River at St. Louis, MO, are placed along major river systems.
An example of a stream gauge data set. Data is from the USGS, http://waterdata.usgs.gov/mo/nwis/, gauge 70100000 along the Mississippi River at St. Louis, Missouri
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Recommended Reading
Van Liew, M.W., Garbrecht, J.D., Arnold, J.G.: Simulation of the impacts of flood retarding structures on streamflow for a watershed in southwestern Oklahoma under dry, average, and wet climatic conditions. J. Soil Water Conserv. 58(6), 340–348 (2003)
Schär, C., Vasilina, L., Pertziger, F., Dirren, S.: Seasonal runoff forecasting using precipitation from meteorological data assimilation systems. J. Hydrometeorol. 5(5), 959–973 (2004)
Fohere, N., Haverkamp, S., Frede, H.G.: Assissment of the effects of land use patterns on hydrologic landscape functions: development of sustainable land use concepts for low mountain range areas. Hydrol. Process. 19(3), 659–672 (2005)
Cau, P., Cadeddu, A., Gallo, C., Lecca, G., Marrocu, M.: Estimating Available Water Resources of the Sardinian Island Using the SWAT Model. SWAT2003 2nd International SWAT Conference Proceedings, Bari, Italy. Retrieved July 1, (2004) from SWAT Proceedings Web site: http://www.brc.tamus.edu/swat/2ndswatconf/2ndswatconfproceeding.pdf (64–70) (2003)
Melesse, Assefa M., Graham, Wendy D., Jordan, Jonathan D.: Spatially Distributed Watershed Mapping and Modeling: GIS-Based Storm Runoff Response and Hydrograph Analysis: Part 2. J. Spat. Hydro. 3 (2003)
Whittaker, G.: Application of SWAT in the evaluation of salmon habitat remediation policy. Hydrol. Process. 19(3), 839–848 (2005)
Echardt, K., Ulbrich, U.: Potential impacts of climate change on groundwater recharge and streamflow in a central European low mountain range. J. Hydrol. 284(1–4), 244–252 (2003)
Grabow, D.: Overland Flooding Risk Assessment in Rural Communities. Master's Thesis, University of North Dakota (2004)
Chaplot, V., Saleh, A., Jaynes, D.B., Arnold, J.: Predicting water, sediment, and NO3-N Loads Under Scenarios of land-use and management practices in a flat watershed. Water, Air, Soil Pollut. 154(1–4), 271–293 (2004)
Gutzler, D., Nims, J.: Interannual Variability of water demand and summer climate in Albuquerque, New Mexico. J. Appl. Meteorology. 44, 1777–1787 (2005)
Sun, H., Cornish, P.S.: Estimating shallow groundwater recharge in the headwaters of the Liverpool Plains using SWAT. Hydrol. Process. 19(3), 795–807 (2005)
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© 2008 Springer-Verlag
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Grabow, D. (2008). Rural Hydrologic Decision Support. In: Shekhar, S., Xiong, H. (eds) Encyclopedia of GIS. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-35973-1_1155
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-35973-1_1155
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
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