Synonyms
Conservation medicine; Epidemiology, spatial; Epidemiology, landscape
Definition
Disease ecology represents an intersection of population ecology, community ecology, epidemiology and environmental health focused on the study of (typically infectious) disease within a population of individuals. Analysis often focuses on the interactions of at-risk individuals with each other and with elements of their environment. Accordingly, spatial factors often play key roles in disease ecology due to the influence of heterogeneous geographic distributions (e. g., host distributions, vector abundance, and landscape barriers to contact) on the spread of an infectious disease.
The phrase “exploratory spatial analysis” encompasses a wide range of goals and techniques for investigating patterns and process within georeferenced data. The phrase intersects other phrases in the literature and merits brief discussion. Bailey and Gatrell (1995) distinguish between “spatial analysis” and “spatial...
Recommended Reading
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Bailey, T.C., Gatrell, A.C.: Interactive Spatial Data Analysis. Longman Scientfic and Technical, Essex (1995)
Brownstein, J.S., Holford, T.R., Fish, D.: A climate-based model predicts the spatial distribution of the Lyme disease vector Ixodes scapularis in the United States. Envrion. Health Persp. 111, 1152–1157 (2003)
Burnham, K.P., Anderson, D.R.: Model Selection and Multimodel Inference: A Practical Information-Theoretic Approach, 2nd edn. Springer, New York (2002)
Collinge, S.K., Ray, C. (eds.): Disease Ecology: Community Structure and Pathogen Dynamics. Oxford University Press, Oxford (2006)
Haining, R.: Spatial Data Analysis. Cambridge University Press, New York (2003)
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Ross, R.: A logical basis of the sanitary policy of mosquito reduction. Science 22, 689–699 (1905)
Russell, C.A., Smith, D.A., Waller, L.A., Childs, J.F., Real, L.A.: A priori prediction of disease invasion dynamics in a novel environment. Proceedings of the Royal Society: Biol. Sci. 271:1534, 21–25 (2004)
Smith, D., Lucey, B., Waller, L.A., Childs, J.E., Real, L.A.: Predicting the spatial dynamics of rabies epidemics on heterogeneous landscapes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA. 99, 3668–3672 (2002)
Waller, L.A., Smith, D., Real, L.A., Childs, J.: Monte Carlo assessments of goodness of fit for ecological simulation models. Ecol. Model. 164, 49–63 (2003)
Wikle, C.: Hierarchical models in environmental science. Int. Stat. Rev. 71, 181–199 (2003)
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Waller, L. (2008). Exploratory Spatial Analysis in Disease Ecology. In: Shekhar, S., Xiong, H. (eds) Encyclopedia of GIS. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-35973-1_396
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-35973-1_396
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