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Cryosphere, Measurements and Applications

  • Reference work entry
  • First Online:
Encyclopedia of Remote Sensing

Part of the book series: Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series ((EESS))

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Definitions

(Land)fast ice. Sea ice attached to the shore or near-shore sea bed.

Nunatak. A mountain peak protruding through glacier ice.

Introduction

Remote sensing of the cryosphere has a 50 year history. We begin with an historical overview of aerial photography of the cryosphere – mainly glaciers and ice caps – and then proceed to satellite imagery and data for each of the major components of the cryosphere. In turn, we consider glaciers, snow cover, freshwater ice, sea ice, ice sheets and ice shelves, icebergs, and frozen ground.

Aerial photography

Glaciers and ice caps

Remote sensing of the cryosphere began with both vertical and oblique aerial photography of glaciers and ice caps. A massive campaign to photograph the Canadian Arctic was undertaken in the late 1940s–1950s (Dunbar and Greenway, 1956) and the photography covered all land areas. The US Geological Survey (USGS) photographed numerous glaciers in western North America and Alaska beginning in the 1950s (Post, 2005: http://earthweb.ess.washington.edu/EPIC/Collections/Post/index.htm...

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Snow and Ice Data Center, NSIDC 449 UCB, University of Colorado, 80309-0449, Boulder, CO, USA

    Roger Barry

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  1. Roger Barry
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  1. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA

    Eni G. Njoku

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Barry, R. (2014). Cryosphere, Measurements and Applications. In: Njoku, E.G. (eds) Encyclopedia of Remote Sensing. Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-36699-9_28

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