Synonyms
Anatomic; Structural and functional anatomy
Definition
Facial anatomy – The soft-tissue structures attached to the bones of the facial skeleton, including epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous fascia, and mimetic musculature.
Introduction
Face recognition is a leading approach to person recognition. In well controlled settings, accuracy is comparable to that of historically reliable biometrics including fingerprint and iris recognition [1]. In less-controlled settings, accuracy is attenuated with variation in pose, illumination, and facial expression among other factors. A principal research challenge is to increase robustness to these sources of variation, and to improve performance in unstructured settings in which image acquisition may occur without active subject involvement.
Current approaches to face recognition are primarily data driven. Use of domain knowledge tends to be limited to the search for relatively stable facial features, such as the inner canthi and the philtrum...
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Acknowledgements
Preparation of this manuscript was supported in part by grant NIMH R01–501435 to the University of Pittsburgh. The authors wish to thank Bridget M. Waller for much thoughtful discussion on the topic of muscle variation in humans and helpful comments on earlier versions of this work. Fig. 1, 4, and 6 by Timothy D. Smith.
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Burrows, A.M., Cohn, J.F. (2009). Anatomy of Face. In: Li, S.Z., Jain, A. (eds) Encyclopedia of Biometrics. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-73003-5_190
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-73003-5_190
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