P.J. van Koppen (University of Leiden and University of Antwerp), and H.F.M. Crombag, (University of Maastricht) analyzed all types of forensic evidence and formulated the common, basic requirements in an article published in the Dutch Journal for Lawyers in January 2000. These are as follows:
- 1.
The expert has a descriptive model at his disposal that describes the relevant characteristics for comparison and identification of the mark found at the crime scene, with the characteristics of the defendant.
- 2.
There is sufficient variation between different persons regarding these relevant characteristics.
- 3.
The relevant characteristics change very little over time that even after some time comparison is feasible.
- 4.
The expert has a method with which the relevant characteristics can be established unequivocally/unmistakably.
- 5.
The expert has rules of decision-making at his disposal with the help of which he can decide about identification, based upon the comparison.
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(2009). Proposal Descriptive and Decision Making Model. In: Li, S.Z., Jain, A. (eds) Encyclopedia of Biometrics. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-73003-5_413
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