“Protein Folding: Generalized-Ensemble Algorithms” was submitted to the editors in February 1999 as a contribution for the “Encyclopedia of Optimization.” While the article has remained useful as a short and concise introduction, the remarkable success over the last 8 years in the forming and application of generalized-ensemble techniques to optimization problems warrants some comments. New generalized-ensemble algorithms have been developed, and the simulation of small proteins (of order \( { \approx 50 } \) residues) has become feasible.
One example for the recent algorithmic developments is energy landscape paving (ELP) [5]. Like all successful stochastic optimization techniques, it aims at avoiding entrapment in local minima and to continue the search for further solutions. For this purpose, one performs in ELP low-temperature Monte Carlo simulations with an effective energy:
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Hansmann, U.H.E. (2008). Protein Folding: Generalized-Ensemble Algorithms . In: Floudas, C., Pardalos, P. (eds) Encyclopedia of Optimization. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-74759-0_529
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