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An adaptive chosen ciphertext attack is a chosen ciphertext attack scenario in which the attacker has the ability to make his or her choice of the inputs to the decryption function based on the previous chosen ciphertext queries. The scenario is clearly more powerful than the basic chosen ciphertext attack and thus less realistic. However, the attack may be quite practical in the public-key setting. For example, plain RSA is vulnerable to chosen ciphertext attack (RSA Public-Key Encryption for more details) and some implementations of RSA may be vulnerable to adaptive chosen ciphertext attack, as shown by Bleichenbacher [ 1].
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Bleichenbacher D (1998) Chosen ciphertext attacks against protocols based on the RSA encryption standard PKCS#1. In: Krawczyk H (ed) Advances in cryptology – CRYPTO’98. Lecture notes in computer science, vol 1462. Springer, Berlin, pp 1–12
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Biryukov, A. (2011). Adaptive Chosen Ciphertext Attack. In: van Tilborg, H.C.A., Jajodia, S. (eds) Encyclopedia of Cryptography and Security. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-5906-5_543
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