Skip to main content

Managing Time in GIS An Event-Oriented Approach

  • Conference paper
Recent Advances in Temporal Databases

Part of the book series: Workshops in Computing ((WORKSHOPS COMP.))

Abstract

Time integration within GIS requires a comprehensive analysis of spatiotemporal phenomena. This paper presents a conceptual model of time and space suitable for geographic applications. A topological temporal framework for representing entity-based events and processes is proposed. An event-oriented model, extended from the versioning concept, describes different evolution levels. The temporal operations possible with this architecture are defined in terms of time- and event-based queries. Performance and some implementation issues are also discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Abler, R., Adams, J. S., and Gould, P., 1971, Spatial Organization. The Geographer’s View of the World. ( Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall).

    Google Scholar 

  2. Ahn, I., and Snodgrass, R. T., 1986, Performance evalutation of a temporal database management system. In Proceedings of ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data ( Washington: ACM ), pp. 96 - 107.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Allen, J. F., and Hayes P. J., 1989, Moments and points in an interval-based temporal logic. Computational Intelligence, 5 (4), 225–238.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Al-Taha, K. K., Snodgrass, R. T., and Soo, M. D., 1994, Bibliography on spatiotemporal databases. International Journal of Geographical Information Systems, 8 (1), 95–103.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Aref, W. G., and Samet, H., 1991, Extending a DBMS with spatial operations. In Advances in Spatial Databases, Proceedings of the Second International Symposium, SSD’91, edited by O. Günther and H. J. Schek ( Berlin: Springer-Verlag ), pp. 299–318.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Beller, A., 1991, Spatial/temporal events in a GIS. In Proceedings of GIS/LIS’91 (Bethesda, Maryland: ASPRS/ACSM), 2, pp. 766–775.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Boursier, P., and Mainguenaud, M., 1992, Spatial query languages: Extended SQL vs. Visual languages vs. hypermaps. In Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Spatial Data Handling ( Charleston: IGU Commision on GIS ), pp. 249–259.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Chrism AN, N. R., 1984, The role of quality information in the long-term functioning of a geographic information system. Cartographica, 21, 79–87.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Chrisman, N. R., 1990, Deficiencies of sheets and tiles: building sheetless databases. International Journal of Geographical Information Systems, 4 (2), 157–167.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Claramunt, C., and Mainguenaud, M., 1994, Identification of a definition formalism for a spatial view. In Proceedings of Advanced Geographic Data Modelling ( Molenaar M. and de Hoop S., eds., Delft: Netherlands Geodetic Commission ), pp. 191–203.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Cliff, A. D., Hagget, P., and Ord, J. K., 1981, Spatial Diffusion: An Historical Geography of Epidemics in an Island community (Cambridge University Press).

    Google Scholar 

  12. Clifford, J., and Warren, S. S., 1983, Formal Semantics of Time in Databases. ACM Transactions on DB Systems, 8 (2), 214–254.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Codd, E. F., 1988, Fatal flaws in SQL. Datamation, 34 (16), 45–48.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Cole, J. P., and King, C. A. M., 1968, Quantitative Geography. Techniques and Theories in Geography. ( London: Wiley).

    Google Scholar 

  15. Easterfeeld, M., Newell, R. G., and Theriault, D., 1991, Modelling spatial and temporal information. In Proceedings of the Second European Conference on Geographical Information Systems ( Brussels: EGIS ), pp. 294–304.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Edwards, G., Gagnon, P., and Bédard, Y., 1993, Spatio-temporal topology and causal mechanisms in time-integrated GIS: from conceptual model to implementation strategies. In Proceedings of the Canadian Conference on GIS’93, ( Ottawa: The Canadian Institute of Geomatics ), pp. 842–851.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Egenhofer, M. J., 1994, Spatial SQL: A query and presentation language. IEEE Transactions on knowledge and data engineering, 6 (1), 86–95.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Egenhofer, M. J., and Sharma, J., 1993, Topological relations between regions in IR2 and Z2. In Advances in Spatial Databases, Proceedings of the Third International Symposium, SSD’93, edited by D. Abel and B.C. Ooi ( Berlin: Springer-Verlag ), pp. 316–336.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Etzion, O., Gal, A., and Segev, A., 1992, Temporal support in active databases. In Proceedings of the Second International Workshop on an Infrastructure for Temporal Databases (Arlington: TX).

    Google Scholar 

  20. Gadia, S. K., and Chopra, V., 1992, A relational model for seamless query of temporal data. Technical Report No. TR-92-05, Computer Science Department, Iowa State University.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Golub, A., Gor, W. L., and Gould, P. R., 1993, Spatial diffusion of the HIV/AIDS epidemic: Modeling implications and case study of AIDS incidence in Ohio. Geographical Analysis, 25 (2), 85–100.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Gould, S. J., 1987, Time’s Arrow Time’s Cycle. Myth and Metaphor in the Discovery of Geological Time (Cambridge, Massachussets: Harvard Univ. Press).

    Google Scholar 

  23. Hägerstrand, T., 1953, Innovation diffusion as a spatial process. ( Chicago: University of Chicago Press).

    Google Scholar 

  24. Hazelton, N. W. J., 1992, Developments in spatio-temporal GIS. In Proceedings of the First Regional Conference on GIS Research in Victoria arid Tasmania (Ballarat: Ballarat University College).

    Google Scholar 

  25. Howenstein, E., 1993, Measuring Demographic Change: The Split Tract Problem. The Professional Geographer 45 (4), 425–430.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Jensen, C. S., Clifford, J., Gadia, S. K., Segev, A., and Snodgrass, R. T., 1992, A Glossary Of Temporal Database Concepts. Sigmod Record, 21 (3), 35–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Jones, S., and Mason, P. J., 1980, Handling the time dimension in a database. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Databases ( Aberdeen: British Computer Society ), pp. 65–83.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Langran, G., 1992, Time in geographic information systems ( London: Taylor & Francis).

    Google Scholar 

  29. Lester, M., 1990, Tracking the temporal polygon: a conceptual model of multi dimensional time for GIS. In Proceedings of Temporal Workshop (University of Maine).

    Google Scholar 

  30. Lomet, D., and Salzberg, B., 1989, Access methods for multiversion data. In Proceedings of International Conference on the Management of Data (Portland: ACM SIGMOD records), 18 (2), 315–324.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Lum, V., Dadum, P., Erbe, R., Guenauer, J., Pistor, P., Walch, G., Werner, H., and Woodfill, J., 1984, Designing DBMS Support For The Temporal Dimension. In Proceedings of the Sigmod’84 Conference, ( NEW YORK: ACM), PP. 115–126.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Mattingly, P. F., 1991, The changing location of physician offices in Blooming ton-Normal, Illinois: 1870-1988. The Professional Geographer, 43 (4), 465–474.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Mckenzie, E., and Snodgrass, R. T., 1991, An evaluation of relational algebras incorporating the time dimension in databases. ACM Computing Surveys, 23 (4), pp. 501–543.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Navathe, S. B., and Ahmed, R., 1988, TSQL: A Language Interface for History Databases. Information Sciences, 49, 109–121.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Ooi, B. C., 1990, Efficient Query Processing in Geographic Information System ( Berlin: Spring Er-Verlag).

    Google Scholar 

  36. Peuquet, D. J., 1988a, Representations of geographic space: Toward a conceptual synthesis. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 78 (3), 375–394.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Peuquet, D. J., 1988b, Toward the definition and use of complex spatial relationships. In Proceedings of the Third International Sysposium on Spatial Data Handling ( Sydney: International Geographic Union ), pp. 211–224.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Peuquet, D. J., 1994, It’s About Time: A Conceptual Framework for the Representation of Temporal Dynamics in Geographic Information Systems. Annals of the Association of the American Geographers, 84 (3), 441–461

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Peuquet, D. J., and Duan N., 1995, An event-based spatiotemporal data model (ESTDM) for temporal analysis of geographical data. International Journal of Geographical Information Systems, 9 (1), 7–24.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Pissinou, N. et al., 1994, Toward an infrastructure for temporal databases. Report of an Invitational Workshop ( Arlington: ARPA/NSF).

    Google Scholar 

  41. Raper, J. F., and Bundock, M. S., 1991, UGIX: A layer based model for a GIS user interface. In Cognitive and Linguistic Aspects of Geographic Space, edited by D. M. Mark and A. U. Frank ( Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers ), pp. 449–475.

    Google Scholar 

  42. Rose, E., and Segev, A., 1992, A temporal object-oriented algebra and query language. Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Technical Report LBL-32013.

    Google Scholar 

  43. Snodgrass, R. T., 1987, The temporal query language — TQUEL. ACM Transactions on Database Systems, 12, 247–298.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Snodgrass, R. T., 1992, Temporal databases. In Proceedings of Theories and Methods Spatio-temporal Reasonning, edited by. A.U. Franck, I. Campari and U. Formentini, ( New York: Spingier-Verlag ), pp. 22–64.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1995 British Computer Society

About this paper

Cite this paper

Claramunt, C., Thériault, M. (1995). Managing Time in GIS An Event-Oriented Approach. In: Clifford, J., Tuzhilin, A. (eds) Recent Advances in Temporal Databases. Workshops in Computing. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3033-8_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3033-8_2

  • Publisher Name: Springer, London

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-19945-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4471-3033-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics