Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Electrocorticogram (ECoG)

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Encyclopedia of Computational Neuroscience

  • 385 Accesses

Synonyms

Modeling intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) signals; Modeling the electrocorticogram

Definition

ECoG refers to the invasive technique of recording brain electrical field potentials with electrodes placed directly on the cortical surface. ECoG electrodes are typically placed subdurally, above the pia mater. In humans, ECoG is often conducted in patients with medically intractable epilepsy in order to monitor their seizures. Because a craniotomy (a surgical incision into the skull) is required to implant the electrode grid, ECoG is an invasive procedure. Clinical ECoG offers a rare and invaluable research opportunity for obtaining invasive electrophysiological signals in awake, behaving humans. Another avenue of research that is beginning to be explored is cortical stimulation using ECoG electrodes (e.g., Parvizi et al. (2013)). The electrode grids often cover much wider areas than the epileptogenic zone, allowing recordings from healthy brain tissue. A postoperative CT...

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Berger H (1929) Uber das Elektroenkephalogramm des Menschen. Arch Psyhiatr Nervenkr 87:527–570

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brody CD, Romo R, Kepecs A (2003) Basic mechanisms for graded persistent activity: discrete attractors, continuous attractors, and dynamic representations. Curr Opin Neurobiol 13:204–211

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Buzsaki G, Logothetis N, Singer W (2013) Scaling brain size, keeping timing: evolutionary preservation of brain rhythms. Neuron 80:751–764

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Carter E, Wang XJ (2007) Cannabinoid-mediated disinhibition and working memory: dynamical interplay of multiple feedback mechanisms in a continuous attractor model of prefrontal cortex. Cereb Cortex 17(Suppl 1):i16–i26

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chaudhuri R, He BJ, Wang XJ (2014) The temporal structure of a random network near criticality and human ECoG dynamics. Cosyne, Salt Lake City

    Google Scholar 

  • Dehghani N, Bedard C, Cash SS, Halgren E, Destexhe A (2010) Comparative power spectral analysis of simultaneous electroencephalographic and magnetoencephalographic recordings in humans suggests non-resistive extracellular media: EEG and MEG power spectra. J Comput Neurosci 29(3):405–421

    Google Scholar 

  • Destexhe A, Rudolph M, Pare D (2003) The high-conductance state of neocortical neurons in vivo. Nat Rev Neurosci 4:739–751

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Einevoll GT, Kayser C, Logothetis NK, Panzeri S (2013) Modelling and analysis of local field potentials for studying the function of cortical circuits. Nat Rev Neurosci 14:770–785

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • El Boustani S, Marre O, Behuret S, Baudot P, Yger P, Bal T, Destexhe A, Fregnac Y (2009) Network-state modulation of power-law frequency-scaling in visual cortical neurons. PLoS Comput Biol 5:e1000519

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Freeman WJ, Zhai J (2009) Simulated power spectral density (PSD) of background electrocorticogram (ECoG). Cogn Neurodyn 3:97–103

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gibb AJ, Colquhoun D (1991) Glutamate activation of a single NMDA receptor-channel produces a cluster of channel openings. Proc Biol Sci 243:39–45

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gilden DL (2001) Cognitive emissions of 1/f noise. Psychol Rev 108:33–56

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • He BJ (2011) Scale-free properties of the functional magnetic resonance imaging signal during rest and task. J Neurosci 31:13786–13795

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • He BJ, Snyder AZ, Zempel JM, Smyth MD, Raichle ME (2008) Electrophysiological correlates of the brain’s intrinsic large-scale functional architecture. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105:16039–16044

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • He BJ, Zempel JM, Snyder AZ, Raichle ME (2010) The temporal structures and functional significance of scale-free brain activity. Neuron 66:353–369

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ho EC, Struber M, Bartos M, Zhang L, Skinner FK (2012) Inhibitory networks of fast-spiking interneurons generate slow population activities due to excitatory fluctuations and network multistability. J Neurosci 32:9931–9946

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kello CT, Brown GD, Ferrer ICR, Holden JG, Linkenkaer-Hansen K, Rhodes T, Van Orden GC (2010) Scaling laws in cognitive sciences. Trends Cogn Sci 14:223–232

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Koch C, Rapp M, Segev I (1996) A brief history of time (constants). Cereb Cortex 6:93–101

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Letzkus JJ, Wolff SB, Meyer EM, Tovote P, Courtin J, Herry C, Luthi A (2011) A disinhibitory microcircuit for associative fear learning in the auditory cortex. Nature 480:331–335

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Linkenkaer-Hansen K, Nikouline VV, Palva JM, Ilmoniemi RJ (2001) Long-range temporal correlations and scaling behavior in human brain oscillations. J Neurosci 21:1370–1377

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Litwin-Kumar A, Doiron B (2012) Slow dynamics and high variability in balanced cortical networks with clustered connections. Nat Neurosci 15:1498–1505

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lowen SB, Cash SS, Poo M, Teich MC (1997) Quantal neurotransmitter secretion rate exhibits fractal behavior. J Neurosci 17:5666–5677

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lowen SB, Ozaki T, Kaplan E, Saleh BE, Teich MC (2001) Fractal features of dark, maintained, and driven neural discharges in the cat visual system. Methods 24:377–394

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Major G, Tank D (2004) Persistent neural activity: prevalence and mechanisms. Curr Opin Neurobiol 14:675–684

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Miller KJ, Sorensen LB, Ojemann JG, den Nijs M (2009) Power-law scaling in the brain surface electric potential. PLoS Comput Biol 5:e1000609

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Milstein J, Mormann F, Fried I, Koch C (2009) Neuronal shot noise and Brownian 1/f2 behavior in the local field potential. PLoS One 4:e4338

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Parvizi J, Rangarajan V, Shirer WR, Desai N, Greicius MD (2013) The will to persevere induced by electrical stimulation of the human cingulate gyrus. Neuron 80:1359–1367

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wong KF, Wang XJ (2006) A recurrent network mechanism of time integration in perceptual decisions. J Neurosci 26:1314–1328

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang Z, Seguela P (2010) Metabotropic induction of persistent activity in layers II/III of anterior cingulate cortex. Cereb Cortex 20:2948–2957

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr., Building 10, Room B1D728, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1065, USA

    Biyu J. He

Authors
  1. Biyu J. He
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Biyu J. He .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Atlanta, Georgia, USA

    Dieter Jaeger

  2. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA

    Ranu Jung

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer Science Business Media New York (outside the USA)

About this entry

Cite this entry

He, B.J. (2014). Electrocorticogram (ECoG). In: Jaeger, D., Jung, R. (eds) Encyclopedia of Computational Neuroscience. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7320-6_545-1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7320-6_545-1

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-7320-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Biomedicine and Life SciencesReference Module Biomedical and Life Sciences

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation