Definition
The generation of the heartbeat is generated by cellular level electrical activity in the form of action potentials that arises as a result of timed opening and closing of a variety of cardiac ion channels. When this tightly coupled interplay of ion channels is perturbed by any number of varied mechanisms including, but not limited to, genetic perturbations, altered Ca2+ signaling, deranged subcellular signaling, disruptions in cell ultrastructure or coupling, ionic dysregulation, or direct insult, an arrhythmogenic substrate can develop.
Detailed Description
Ionic Mechanisms of Cardiac Action Potential
Action potentials can be divided into noncontractile pacemaker cells and contractile cells that require an external stimulus, such as atrial and ventricular cells (Demir 2004). Numerous action potential morphologies exist and vary depending on the location in the myocardium. The action potential of contractile cells generally has 4 phases. Phase 0 is the rapid depolarizing...
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MDPhD, J.D.M., Ph.D., C.E.C. (2013). Cardiac Excitable Tissue Pathology (Ion Channels). In: Jaeger, D., Jung, R. (eds) Encyclopedia of Computational Neuroscience. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7320-6_737-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7320-6_737-1
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