Synonyms
Consistency; Geo-replication
Definition
Multi-datacenter consistency refers to the integrity of application data that is stored in multiple, possibly geographically distant locations. Due to large communication delays between sites, traditional protocols for enforcing integrity despite concurrent operation on separate copies of data may be prohibitively expensive. As a result, multi-datacenter storage systems increasingly implement a range of techniques that avoid coordination. The most basic strategy foregoes all coordination and only provides users with the guarantee that eventually all replicas agree (i.e., eventual consistency). However, many systems avoid coordination while still preserving various integrity criteria. Generally, the more application semantics that are made available to a storage engine, the more that coordination can be safely avoided without compromising application integrity. A growing set of abstract data type implementations (e.g., counters) designed...
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Recommended Reading
Alpern B, Schneider FB. Defining liveness. Inf Process Lett. 1985;21(4):181–5.
Ameloot TJ, Neven F, Van Den Bussche J. Relational transducers for declarative networking. J ACM. 2013;60(2):15:1–15:38.
Bailis P, Davidson A, Fekete A, Ghodsi A, Hellerstein JM, Stoica I. Highly available transactions: virtues and limitations. In: Proceedings of the 40th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases; 2014.
Bailis P, Fekete A, Franklin MJ, Ghodsi A, Hellerstein JM, Stoica I. Feral concurrency control: an empirical investigation of modern application integrity. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data; 2015.
Bailis P, Fekete A, Franklin MJ, Hellerstein JM, Ghodsi A, Stoica I. Coordination avoidance in database systems. In: Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Very Large Data Bases; 2015.
Bailis P, Fekete A, Ghodsi A, Hellerstein JM, Stoica I. Scalable atomic visibility with RAMP transactions. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data; 2014.
Bailis P, Ghodsi A. Eventual consistency today: limitations, extensions, and beyond. ACM Queue. 2013;11(3):20–32.
Bailis P, Venkataraman S, Franklin MJ, Hellerstein JM, Stoica I. VLDB J. 2014;23(2):279–302
Barbará-Millá D, Garcia-Molina H. The demarcation protocol: a technique for maintaining constraints in distributed database systems. VLDB J. 1994;3(3):325–53.
Bernstein PA, Hadzilacos V, Goodman N. Concurrency control and recovery in database systems, vol. 370. New York: Addison-wesley; 1987.
Bernstein PA, Shipman DW, Rothnie JB Jr. Concurrency control in a system for distributed databases (SDD-1). ACM Trans Database Syst. 1980;5(1): 18–51
Brewer E. CAP twelve years later: how the “rules” have changed. Computer 2012;45(2):23–9.
Das S, Agrawal D, El Abbadi A. G-store: a scalable data store for transactional multi key access in the cloud. In: Proceedings of the 1st ACM Symposium on Cloud Computing; 2010.
Davidson SB, Garcia-Molina H, Skeen D. Consistency in partitioned networks. ACM Comput Surv. 1985;17(3):341–70.
Fekete A, Gupta D, Luchangco V, Lynch N, Shvartsman A. Eventually-serializable data services. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGACT-SIGOPS 15th Symposium on the Principles of Distributed Computing; 1996. p. 300–9.
Fox A, Gribble SD, Chawathe Y, Brewer EA, Gauthier P. Cluster-based scalable network services. ACM SIGOPS Oper Syst Rev. 1997;31(5):78–91.
Garcia-Molina H, Salem K. Sagas. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data; 1987.
Gray JN, Lorie RA, Putzolu GR, Traiger IL. Granularity of locks and degrees of consistency in a shared data base. Technical report, IBM, 1976.
Haerder T, Reuter A. Principles of transaction-oriented database recovery. ACM Comput Surv. 1983;15(4):287–317.
Helland P, Campbell D. Building on quicksand. In: Proceedings of the 4th Biennial Conference on Innovative Data Systems Research; 2009.
Johnson PR, Thomas RH. Rfc 667: the maintenance of duplicate databases. Technical report, 1 1975.
Kung H-T, Papadimitriou CH. An optimality theory of concurrency control for databases. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data; 1979.
Li C, Porto D, Clement A, Gehrke J, Preguiça N, Rodrigues R. Making geo-replicated systems fast as possible, consistent when necessary. In: Proceedings of the 10th USENIX Symposium on Operating System Design and Implementation; 2012.
Li C, Leitao J, Clement A, Preguiça N, Rodrigues R et al. Automating the choice of consistency levels in replicated systems. In: Proceedings of the USENIX 2014 Annual Technical Conference; 2014.
Lu H, Veeraraghavan K, Ajoux P, Hunt J, Song YJ, Tobagus W, Kumar S, Lloyd W. Existential consistency: measuring and understanding consistency at facebook. In: Proceedings of the 25th ACM Symposium on Operating System Principles; 2015.
O’Neil PE. The Escrow transactional method. ACM Trans Database Syst. 1986;11(4):405–30.
Recht B, Ré C, Wright S, Niu F. Hogwild: a lock-free approach to parallelizing stochastic gradient descent. In: Advances in Neural Information Proceedings of the Systems 24, Proceedings of the 25th Annual Conference on Neural Information Proceedings of the Systems; 2011.
Roy S, Kot L, Bender G, Ding B, Hojjat H, Koch C, Foster N, Gehrke J. The homeostasis protocol: avoiding transaction coordination through program analysis. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data; 2015.
Shapiro M, Preguiça N, Baquero C, Zawirski M. A comprehensive study of convergent and commutative replicated data types. INRIA TR 7506. 2011.
Wada H, Fekete A, Zhao L, Lee K, Liu A. Data consistency properties and the trade-offs in commercial cloud storage: the consumers’ perspective. In: Proceedings of the 5th Biennial Conference on Innovative Data Systems Research; 2011.
Weihl W. Specification and implementation of atomic data types. PhD thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1984.
Yu H, Vahdat A. Design and evaluation of a conit-based continuous consistency model for replicated services. ACM Trans Comput Syst. 2002;20(3):239–82.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
About this entry
Cite this entry
Bailis, P. (2018). Multi-datacenter Consistency Properties. In: Liu, L., Özsu, M.T. (eds) Encyclopedia of Database Systems. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8265-9_80643
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8265-9_80643
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-8266-6
Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-8265-9
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceReference Module Computer Science and Engineering