Synonyms
Face Detection; Face Recognition, Overview; Liveness assurance; Liveness verification
Definition
The process of verifying whether the face image presented to an authentication system is real (i.e., alive) or whether it is reproduced or synthetic (“spoofed”) and thus fraudulent. When a face authentication system is to recognize the face of a person by means of an electronic camera and associated image recognition software, it is important to be sure that the person seeking the authentication actually presents his or her face to the camera at the time and place of the authentication request; the face is presented live as on live television as distinct from a movie or cartoon program. In contrast, an impostor could try to present a mask, a photograph, or a video recording, showing the facial image of a legitimate client to the camera in order to be falsely authenticated by the system as that client. That kind of threat to authentication systems is known generally as replay attack...
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Wagner, M., Chetty, G. (2015). Anti-spoofing, Face. In: Li, S.Z., Jain, A.K. (eds) Encyclopedia of Biometrics. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7488-4_67
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