Abstract
Spoken dialog systems have become popular and are used in a home environment, such as smart speakers. A problem will occur when two or more smart speakers are in the same environment, in which a dialog system misdetects the other dialog systems voice as a users voice. In this paper, a method to mute synthesized speech is proposed to prevent a speech recognizer from recognizing speech uttered by a machine. The audio watermark technique is used to indicate that a machine utters the speech, and the speech recognizer attenuates the observed speech if it contains the watermark. The watermark is embedded in high frequency so that humans cannot perceive the watermark and the watermark is robustly extracted. From the experimental result, we found that the proposed method robustly determine the existence of the watermark when the SNR is no less than 0 dB.
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Part of this work was supported by JSPS Kakenhi JP17H00823.
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Ito, A. (2019). Muting Machine Speech Using Audio Watermarking. In: Pan, JS., Ito, A., Tsai, PW., Jain, L. (eds) Recent Advances in Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing. IIH-MSP 2018. Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies, vol 110. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03748-2_9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03748-2_9
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