Skip to main content

Subjective Quality of Spatially Asymmetric Omnidirectional Stereoscopic Video for Streaming Adaptation

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Smart Multimedia (ICSM 2018)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNISA,volume 11010))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

Asymmetric video coding is a well-studied area for bit rate reduction in stereoscopic video coding. Such video coding technique is possible because of the binocular fusion theory which states that the Human Visual System (HVS) is capable of fusing views from both the eyes. As a result, past literature has shown that the final perceived quality of different left and right quality images is closer the highest quality of the two views. In this paper, we investigate spatially asymmetric omnidirectional video in subjective experiments using a Head Mounted Display (HMD). We want to subjectively verify to what extent the binocular fusion theory applies in immersive media environments, and also assess to what degree reducing the omnidirectional video streaming bandwidth is feasible. We prove that (1) the HVS is capable of partial suppression of the low-quality view up to a certain resolution; (2) there is a bandwidth saving of 25% when 75% of the spatial resolution is used for one of the views, while ensuring a subjective visual quality with a DMOS of 4.7 points; (3) in case of bandwidth adaptation using asymmetric video, bit rate savings are in the range 25–50%.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Blake, R.: Threshold conditions for binocular rivalry. J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform. 3(2), 251–257 (1977)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Valizadeh, S., Azimi, M., Nasiopoulos, P.: Bitrate reduction in asymmetric stereoscopic video with low-pass filtered slices. In: IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE), Las Vegas, NV, USA, 13–16 January 2012

    Google Scholar 

  3. Brust, H., Smolic, A., Mueller, K., Tech, G., Wiegand, T.: Mixed resolution coding of stereoscopic video for Mobile devices. In: IEEE 3DTV Conference, Potsdam, Germany, 4–6 May 2009

    Google Scholar 

  4. Azimi, M., Valizadeh, S., Li, X., Coria, L.E., Nasiopoulos, P.: Subjective study on asymmetric stereoscopic video with low-pass filtered slices. In: IEEE International Conference on Computing, Networking and Communications (ICNC), Maui, HI, USA, 30 January–2 February 2012

    Google Scholar 

  5. Chung, K.-L., Huang, Y.-H., Liu, W.-C.: Quality-efficient upsampling method for asymmetric resolution stereoscopic video coding with interview motion compensation and error compensation. IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol. 24(3), 430–442 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Aksay, A., Bilen, C., Akar, G.B.: Subjective evaluation of effects of spectral and spatial redundancy reduction on stereo images. In: IEEE 13th European Signal Processing Conference, Antalya, Turkey, 4–8 September 2005

    Google Scholar 

  7. Aflaki, P., Hannuksela, M.M., Hakala, J., Häkkinen, J., Gabbouj, M.: Joint adaptation of spatial resolution and sample value quantization for asymmetric stereoscopic video compression: a subjective study. In: IEEE 7th International Symposium on Image and Signal Processing and Analysis (ISPA), Dubrovnik, Croatia, 4–6 September 2011

    Google Scholar 

  8. Stelmach, L., Tam, W.J., Meegan, D., Vincent, A.: Stereo image quality: effects of mixed spatio-temporal resolution. IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol. 10(2), 188–193 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Aflaki, P., Hannuksela, M.M., Gabbouj, M.: Subjective quality assessment of asymmetric stereoscopic 3D video. SIViP 9(2), 331–345 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Curcio, I.D.D., Toukomaa, H., Naik, D.: Bandwidth reduction of omnidirectional viewport-dependent video streaming via subjective quality assessment. In: ACM International Workshop on Multimedia Alternate Realities at ACM Multimedia Conference, Mountain View, CA, USA, 27 October 2017

    Google Scholar 

  11. Curcio, I.D.D., Toukomaa, H., Naik, D.: 360-degree video streaming and its subjective quality. In: SMPTE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Hollywood, CA, USA, 23–26 October 2017

    Google Scholar 

  12. Bao, Y., Wu, H., Zhang, T., Ramli, A.A., Liu, X.: Shooting a moving target: motion-prediction-based transmission for 360-degree videos. In: IEEE International Conference on Big Data, Washington, DC, USA, 5–6 December 2016

    Google Scholar 

  13. Hosseini, M., Swaminathan, V.: Adaptive 360 VR video streaming: divide and conquer! In: IEEE International Symposium on Multimedia, San Jose, CA, USA, 11–13 December 2016

    Google Scholar 

  14. Sanchez, Y., Skupin, R., Hellge, C., Schierl, T.: Random access point period optimization for viewport adaptive tile based streaming of 360° video. In: IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP 2017), Beijing, China, 17–20 September 2017

    Google Scholar 

  15. ITU – Radiocommunication (ITU-R), Recommendation BT.2021-1: Subjective methods for the assessment of stereoscopic 3DTV systems, February 2015

    Google Scholar 

  16. Battisti, F., Carli, M., Stramacci, A., Boev, A., Gotchev, A.: A perceptual quality metric for high-definition stereoscopic 3D video. In: Image Processing: Algorithms and Systems XIII [939916], SPIE Conference Proceedings, vol. 9399

    Google Scholar 

  17. ITU – Radiocommunication (ITU-R), Recommendation BT.500-13: Methodology for the subjective assessment of the quality of television pictures, January 2012

    Google Scholar 

  18. ITU – Standardization (ITU-T), Recommendation P.910: Subjective video quality assessment methods for multimedia applications, April 2008

    Google Scholar 

  19. ITU – Radiocommunication (ITU-R), Recommendation BT.2021-1: Subjective methods for the assessment of stereoscopic 3DTV systems, February 2015

    Google Scholar 

  20. ITU – Standardization (ITU-T), Recommendation P.915: Subjective assessment methods for 3D video, March 2016

    Google Scholar 

  21. Zare, A., Aminlou, A., Hannuksela, M.M.: Virtual reality content streaming: viewport-dependent projection and tile-based techniques. In: IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), Beijing, China

    Google Scholar 

  22. Zinner, T., Abboud, O., Hohlfeld, O., Hossfeld, T., Tran-Gia, P.: Towards QoE management for scalable video streaming. In: 21th ITC Specialist Seminar on Multimedia Applications - Traffic, Performance and QoE, Miyazaki, Japan

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Igor D. D. Curcio .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Curcio, I.D.D., Naik, D., Toukomaa, H., Zare, A. (2018). Subjective Quality of Spatially Asymmetric Omnidirectional Stereoscopic Video for Streaming Adaptation. In: Basu, A., Berretti, S. (eds) Smart Multimedia. ICSM 2018. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 11010. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04375-9_36

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04375-9_36

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-04374-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-04375-9

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics