Abstract
Seismic vulnerability of many cultural heritage masonry structures has been vital the recent years especially in seismic prone countries such as Italy. Due to the frequency of the seismic motions in time and due to many limitations, concerning the available knowledge and the seismic design of these stiff masonry structures, there is the necessity of non-contact and quick ambient response recordings so as to provide a structural integrity assessment. In order to improve the knowledge about the dynamic behavior of the slender masonry structures two main different analyses are necessary. The first goal is a territorial level assessment for the determination of the seismic ground motion. The second one concerns the knowledge of the dynamic characteristic of the existing structures. Recently, radar technique has been advanced by the development of microwave interferometers which serve non-contact vibration monitoring of large structures. The main characteristic of these radar systems, is the possibility of simultaneously measuring the dynamic deflection of many points on large structures. As a result, ambient vibration measurements can provide the identification of the modal properties of a structure. This paper reports a set of on-site applications of radar interferometer technique, aiming at evaluating the capability of measuring the vibration response of a slender masonry chimney in the Leonardo campus of the Politecnico di Milano. The results of the investigation highlight the accuracy and the simplicity of the technique for fast dynamic response measurements as well as the capability to detect temperature effects on the fundamental frequencies on the structure.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Henderson, F.M., Lewis, A.J.: Manual of Remote Sensing, Principles and Applications of Imaging Radar, vol. 2. Wiley, Hoboken (1998)
Wehner, D.R.: High Resolution Radar, 2nd edn. Artech House Inc., Norwood (1995)
Taylor, J.D., McEwan, T.E.: The micropower impulse radar. In: Ultra-Wideband Radar Technology, pp. 155–164 (2001)
Pieraccini, M., Fratini, M., Parrini, F., Macaluso, G., Atzeni, C.: High-speed CW step-frequency coherent radar for dynamic monitoring of civil engineering structures. Electron. Lett. 40, 907–908 (2004)
Pieraccini, M.: Monitoring of civil infrastructures by interferometric radar: a review. Sci. World J. 2013, 8 (2013)
Luzi, G., Crosetto, M., Fernández, E.: Radar interferometry for monitoring the vibration characteristics of buildings and civil structures: recent case studies in Spain. Sensors 17, 669 (2017)
Gentile, C., Bernardini, G.: An interferometric radar for non-contact measurement of deflections on civil engineering structures: laboratory and full-scale tests. Struct. Infrastruct. Eng. 6, 521–534 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1080/15732470903068557
Stabile, T.A., Perrone, A., Gallipoli, M.R., Ditommaso, R., Ponzo, F.C.: Dynamic survey of the Musmeci bridge by joint application of ground-based microwave radar interferometry and ambient noise standard spectral ratio techniques. IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett. 10, 870–874 (2013)
Negulescu, C., et al.: Comparison of seismometer and radar measurements for the modal identification of civil engineering structures. Eng. Struct. 51, 10–22 (2013)
Rödelsperger, S., Läufer, G., Gerstenecker, C., Becker, M.: Monitoring of displacements with ground-based microwave interferometry: IBIS-S and IBIS-L. J. Appl. Geodesy 4, 41–54 (2010)
Gikas, V.: Ambient vibration monitoring of slender structures by microwave interferometer remote sensing. J. Appl. Geodesy 6, 167–176 (2012)
Atzeni, C., Bicci, A., Dei, D., Fratini, M., Pieraccini, M.: Remote survey of the leaning tower of Pisa by interferometric sensing. IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett. 7, 185–189 (2010)
Gentile, C., Saisi, A.: Dynamic testing of masonry towers using the microwave interferometry. Key Eng. Mater. 628, 198–203 (2015)
Gentile, C., Saisi, A.: Radar-based vibration measurement on historic masonry towers. In: Emerging Technologies in Non-Destructive Testing V, p. 51 (2012)
Gentile, C., Saisi, A.: Ambient vibration testing of historic masonry towers for structural identification and damage assessment. Constr. Build. Mater. 21, 1311–1321 (2007)
Luzi, G., Crosetto, M., Cuevas-González, M.: A radar-based monitoring of the Collserola tower (Barcelona). Mech. Syst. Signal Process. 49, 234–248 (2014)
Breyman, G.A.: Trattato generale di costruzioni civili, voi I L. Cattaneo, L’arte Min atoria, Milano, Vallardi. 188 (1925)
Gouilly, A.: Théorie sur la stabilité des hautes cheminees en maçonnerie, par Al. Gouilly. J. Dejey (1876)
Skolnik Merrill, I.: Radar Handbook. McGraw-Hill Publishing Co. Ltd, New York (1990)
Gentile, C., Bernardini, G.: Radar-based measurement of deflections on bridges and large structures. Eur. J. Environ. Civ. Eng. 14, 495–516 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1080/19648189.2010.9693238
Luzi, G., Monserrat, O., Crosetto, M.: Real Aperture Radar interferometry as a tool for buildings vibration monitoring: limits and potentials from an experimental study. In: AIP Conference Proceedings, pp. 309–317 (2012)
Coppi, F., Gentile, C., Paolo Ricci, P.: A software tool for processing the displacement time series extracted from raw radar data. In: AIP Conference Proceedings, pp. 190–201 (2010)
Reynders, E.: System identification methods for (operational) modal analysis: review and comparison. Arch. Comput. Methods Eng. 19, 51–124 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11831-012-9069-x
Azzara, R.M., De Roeck, G., Girardi, M., Padovani, C., Pellegrini, D., Reynders, E.: The influence of environmental parameters on the dynamic behaviour of the San Frediano bell tower in Lucca. Eng. Struct. 156, 175–187 (2018)
Saisi, A., Gentile, C., Guidobaldi, M.: Post-earthquake continuous dynamic monitoring of the Gabbia Tower in Mantua, Italy. Constr. Build. Mater. 81, 101–112 (2015)
Ramos, L.F., Marques, L., Lourenço, P.B., De Roeck, G., Campos-Costa, A., Roque, J.: Monitoring historical masonry structures with operational modal analysis: two case studies. Mech. Syst. Signal Process. 24, 1291–1305 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2010.01.011
Gentile, C., Guidobaldi, M., Saisi, A.: One-year dynamic monitoring of a historic tower: damage detection under changing environment. Meccanica 51, 2873–2889 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11012-016-0482-3
Cabboi, A., Gentile, C., Saisi, A.: From continuous vibration monitoring to FEM-based damage assessment: application on a stone-masonry tower. Constr. Build. Mater. 156, 252–265 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.08.160
Acknowledgements
The Research Fund - Flanders (FWO) is acknowledged for funding the two months research stay in Politecnico di Milano in the Department of Architecture, Built environment and Construction engineering (DABC), (V419718 N), and the first author G.L. acknowledges FWO, for funding the four years project “AE-FracMasS: advanced Acoustic Emission analysis for Fracture mode identification in Masonry Structures” (G.0C38.15).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Livitsanos, G., Saisi, A., Aggelis, D.G., Gentile, C. (2019). Radar Interferometer Application for Remote Deflection Measurements of a Slender Masonry Chimney. In: Moropoulou, A., Korres, M., Georgopoulos, A., Spyrakos, C., Mouzakis, C. (eds) Transdisciplinary Multispectral Modeling and Cooperation for the Preservation of Cultural Heritage. TMM_CH 2018. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 962. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12960-6_30
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12960-6_30
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-12959-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-12960-6
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)