Abstract
A big concern in seeking to understand the evolution of the future of jobs and the demand for skills with the increase of automation is shown by the wide range of existing literature regarding the subject. This study gathers relevant information about the topics of: automation, the future of employment, advantages and disadvantages of technological changes, changes in the range of skills and if people are ready for the future changes or not. Firstly, the authors give an overview on the main topics that will be discussed later on in the article and construct a theoretical framework based on the current literature. Secondly, the methodology is presented namely the field work involving 21 interviews. After that, the interview results are analyzed, discussed and compared with what was shown in the literature review. The results revealed that people in general are not aware of the impact that automation will have on their working environment. Additionally, the authors concluded that existing education systems should be reformulated since the portfolio of skills will change in the future.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Acemoğlu, D., Restrepo, P.: Robots and jobs: evidence from the US. VOX CEPR Policy Portal (2017). https://voxeu.org/article/robots-and-jobs-evidence-us. Accessed 7 Oct 2018
Acemoğlu, D., Restrepo, P.: Artificial Intelligence, Automation and Work. The Economics of Artificial Intelligence: An Agenda, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston University (2018). https://economics.mit.edu/files/14641
Au-Yong-Oliveira, M., Gonçalves, R., Martins, J., Branco, F.: The social impact of technology on millennials and consequences for higher education and leadership. Telematics Inform. 35, 954–963 (2018)
Branco, F., Gonçalves, R., Martins, J., Cota, M.: Decision support system for the agri-food sector–the sousacamp group case. In: New Contributions in Information Systems and Technologies, pp. 553–563. Springer, Cham (2015)
Charles, K., Hurst, E., Notowidigdo, M.: Manufacturing Decline, housing booms, and non-employment. NBER Working Paper No. 18949, National Bureau of Economic Research (2013). https://www.sole-jole.org/Notowidigdo.pdf
Dauth, W., Findeisen, S., Südekum, J., Woessner, N.: The rise of robots in the German labour market. VOX CEPR Policy Portal (2017). https://voxeu.org/article/rise-robots-german-labour-market?utm_content=buffer5120f&utm_medium=social&utm_source=twitter.com&utm_campaign=buffer. Accessed 8 Oct 2018
Frey, C., Osborne, M.: The future of employment: how susceptible are jobs to computerisation? Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change 114, 254–280 (2016). https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040162516302244?via%3Dihub. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2016.08.019
Frohm, J., Lindström, V., Winroth, M., Stahre, J.: The industry’s view on automation in manufacturing. IFAC Proc. Volumes 39(4), 453–458 (2006). https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1474667015330925. https://doi.org/10.3182/20060522-3-fr-2904.00073
Keynes, J.: Economic Possibilities for our Grandchildren (1930). In: Essays in Persuasion, pp. 358–373. Harcourt Brace, New York (1932). https://assets.aspeninstitute.org/content/uploads/files/content/upload/Intro_and_Section_I.pdf
Manyika, J., Chui, M., Miremadi, M., Bughin, J., George, K.: Automation, robotics, and the factory of the future Human + machine: a new era of automation in manufacturing. McKinsey Global Institute (2017). https://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/operations/our-insights/human-plus-machine-a-new-era-of-automation-in-manufacturing. Accessed 15 Oct 2018
Manyika, J., Chui, M., Miremadi, M., Bughin, J., George, K., Willmott, P., Dewhurst, M.: Harnessing automation for a future that works. McKinsey Global Institute (2017). https://www.mckinsey.com/featured-insights/digital-disruption/harnessing-automation-for-a-future-that-works. Accessed 12 Oct 2018
Marchant, G., Stevens, Y., Hennessy, J.: Technology, unemployment & policy options: navigating the transition to a better world. J. Evol. Technol. 24(1), 26–44 (2014). https://jetpress.org/v24/marchant.htm
Matuzeviciute, K., Butkus, M., Karaliute, A.: Do technological innovations affect unemployment? Some empirical evidence from European countries. Economies 5(4), 1–19 (2017). https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7099/5/4/48. https://doi.org/10.3390/economies5040048
Miller, B., Atkinson, R.: Are robots taking our jobs, or making them? The Information Technology and Innovation Foundation (2013). http://www2.itif.org/2013-are-robots-taking-jobs.pdf
Nübler, I.: New technologies: a jobless future or golden age of job creation? International Labour Office (2016). https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/—dgreports/—inst/documents/publication/wcms_544189.pdf
Remenyi, D.: Field Methods for Academic Research – Interviews, Focus Groups & Questionnaires, p. 195. ACPI, Reading (2013)
Tilley, J.: Automation, robotics, and the factory of the future. McKinsey Global Institute (2017). https://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/operations/our-insights/automation-robotics-and-the-factory-of-the-future. Accessed 15 Oct 2018
Vermeulen, B., Kesselhut, J., Pyka, A., Saviotti, P. The impact of automation on employment: just the usual structural change? Sustainability 10(5), 1–27 (2018). https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/5/1661. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10051661
Wong, J.: How will automation affect society? World Economic Forum (2015). https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2015/01/how-will-automation-affect-society/. Accessed 10 Oct 2018
World Economic Forum. The Future of Jobs Report - Employment, Skills and Workforce Strategy for the Fourth Industrial Revolution (2016). https://www.weforum.org/reports/the-future-of-jobs-report-2018. Accessed 7 Oct 2018
Jaimovich, N., Siu, H.: The trend is the Cycle: Job Polarization and Jobless Recoveries. NBER Working Paper No. 18334, National Bureau of Economic Research (2012). https://www.nber.org/papers/w18334.pdf. https://doi.org/10.3386/w18334
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Au-Yong-Oliveira, M., Almeida, A.C., Arromba, A.R., Fernandes, C., Cardoso, I. (2019). What Will the Future Bring? The Impact of Automation on Skills and (Un)employment. In: Rocha, Á., Adeli, H., Reis, L., Costanzo, S. (eds) New Knowledge in Information Systems and Technologies. WorldCIST'19 2019. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 930. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16181-1_20
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16181-1_20
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-16180-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-16181-1
eBook Packages: Intelligent Technologies and RoboticsIntelligent Technologies and Robotics (R0)