Abstract
Constraint-logic object-oriented programming, for example using Muli, facilitates the integrated development of business software that occasionally involves finding solutions to constraint-logic problems. The availability of object-oriented features calls for the option to use objects as logic variables as well, as opposed to being limited to primitive type logic variables. The present work contributes a concept for reference type logic variables in constraint-logic object-oriented programming that takes arbitrary class hierarchies of programs written in object-oriented languages into account. The concept discusses interactions between constraint-logic object-oriented programs and reference type logic variables, particularly invocations on and access to logic variables, type operations, and equality. Furthermore, it proposes approaches as to how these interactions can be handled by a corresponding execution environment.
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Notes
- 1.
Even though
is not declared explicitly in the given interface, the Java language specification implicitly augments interfaces with abstract methods that correspond to every method that is declared in
[5, Sect. 9.2]. Among others, this includes an implicit declaration of
that is consistent with the corresponding declaration in
. - 2.
Note that only the standalone use of type variables is disregarded here. Consequently, the reference types that we consider in the following may still make use of type variables as part of parameterised (generic) types.
- 3.
In general, this includes parameterised (generic) types that remain in parameterised form (e.g.,
). Therefore, this set is finite. - 4.
Note that here \(fields(o_1) = fields(o_2)\) since \(type(o_1) = type(o_2)\), so \(fields(o_2)\) could be used just as well.
- 5.
is not declared explicitly in the given interface, the Java language specification implicitly augments interfaces with abstract methods that correspond to every method that is declared in
[
that is consistent with the corresponding declaration in
.
). Therefore, this set is finite.References
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Dageförde, J.C. (2019). Reference Type Logic Variables in Constraint-Logic Object-Oriented Programming. In: Silva, J. (eds) Functional and Constraint Logic Programming. WFLP 2018. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 11285. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16202-3_8
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