Abstract
A Human-in-the-Loop (HITL) simulation was conducted to explore the impacts of various surface metering goals on operations and Ramp Controllers at Charlotte Douglas International Airport (CLT). Three conditions were compared: (1) Baseline, with no surface metering, (2) instructions to meet advisory times at the gate only, and (3) instructions to meet advisory times at the gate as well as the times at the scheduled taxiway spot, where aircraft are delivered to Air Traffic Control (ATC). Results showed increased compliance for taxiway spot times when compliance was first met for gate advisories. Instructing Ramp Controllers to meet advisory times at the gate improves spot time compliance and therefore surface scheduling predictability at CLT. Results also demonstrated there was increased compliance overall with gate and spot times in the second condition. This was likely due to higher Ramp Controller workload in the third condition.
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Notes
- 1.
The 3D SART consists of a score obtained by adding an item rating “your Understanding of the traffic situation” to an item rating “the Supply of your attentional resources” and subtracting an item rating “Demand on your attention” (i.e., SA = U + (S − D)).
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Acknowledgments
Thanks are due to the many Ramp Controllers, ATC Controllers, and pseudo-pilots who participated in this simulation, along with the ATD-2 Team and the Future Flight Central Simulation Team that made the simulation possible.
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Parke, B.K. et al. (2020). Alternatives for Scheduling Departures for Efficient Surface Metering in ATD-2: Exploration in a Human-in-the-Loop Simulation. In: Boring, R. (eds) Advances in Human Error, Reliability, Resilience, and Performance. AHFE 2019. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 956. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20037-4_28
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