Abstract
As fully autonomous - SAE level 5 - vehicles approach commercialisation, there is need to design and test user interfaces specifically for such use. However, testing in real environments is currently limited or, in many cases, impossible. In this paper, as a solution, we present a dedicated simulator for fully autonomous vehicles. First, we outline the design requirements for this simulator. Inclusive design principles were used to accommodate a large range of diversity in our population. It can thus be used by individuals with visual, auditory and certain physical and cognitive impairments. Second, we describe the capabilities of the simulator in terms of human-robot interaction technologies. We aim to assess both performance and non-performance characteristics of the resulting systems and how they can be integrated in the transportation experience. Third, we collate the knowledge obtained during this project to provide a deeper understanding of human factors in operating fully autonomous vehicles. We hope these results provide a basis for further research and improve the experience of users.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
SAE International: SAE J3016: Taxonomy and Definitions for Terms Related to Driving Automation Systems for On-Road Motor Vehicles (2016). http://standards.sae.org/j3016_201609/
Dikmen, M., Burns, C.M.: Autonomous driving in the real world: experiences with tesla autopilot and summon. In: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications, pp. 225–228. ACM, New York (2016). https://doi.org/10.1145/3003715.3005465
Waymo. https://waymo.com/
GM will make an autonomous car without steering wheel or pedals by 2019. https://www.theverge.com/2018/1/12/16880978/gm-autonomous-car-2019-detroit-auto-show-2018
Mitchell, W.J., Borroni-Bird, C.E., Burns, L.D.: Reinventing the Automobile: Personal Urban Mobility for the 21st Century. MIT Press, Cambridge (2010)
Death of Elaine Herzberg (2019). https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Death_of_Elaine_Herzberg&oldid=888636615
Politis, I., Langdon, P., Adebayo, D., Bradley, M., Clarkson, P.J., Skrypchuk, L., Mouzakitis, A., Eriksson, A., Brown, J.W.H., Revell, K., Stanton, N.: An evaluation of inclusive dialogue-based interfaces for the takeover of control in autonomous cars. In: 23rd International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces, pp. 601–606. ACM, New York (2018). https://doi.org/10.1145/3172944.3172990
Wintersberger, P., Riener, A., Frison, A.-K.: Automated driving system, male, or female driver: who’d you prefer? Comparative analysis of passengers’ mental conditions, emotional states & qualitative feedback. In: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications, pp. 51–58. ACM, New York (2016). https://doi.org/10.1145/3003715.3005410
Wang, P., Sibi, S., Mok, B., Ju, W.: Marionette: enabling on-road wizard-of-oz autonomous driving studies. In: Proceedings of the 2017 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction, pp. 234–243. ACM, New York (2017). https://doi.org/10.1145/2909824.3020256
Baltodano, S., Sibi, S., Martelaro, N., Gowda, N., Ju, W.: The RRADS platform: a real road autonomous driving simulator. In: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications, pp. 281–288. ACM, New York (2015). https://doi.org/10.1145/2799250.2799288
Oliveira, L., Luton, J., Iyer, S., Burns, C., Mouzakitis, A., Jennings, P., Birrell, S.: Evaluating how interfaces influence the user interaction with fully autonomous vehicles. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications, pp. 320–331. ACM, New York (2018). https://doi.org/10.1145/3239060.3239065
Braun, M., Weiser, S., Pfleging, B., Alt, F.: A comparison of emotion elicitation methods for affective driving studies. In: Adjunct Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications, pp. 77–81. ACM, New York (2018). https://doi.org/10.1145/3239092.3265945
Amanatidis, T., Langdon, P., Clarkson, P.J.: Needs and expectations for fully autonomous vehicle interfaces. In: Companion of the 2018 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction, pp. 51–52. ACM, New York (2018). https://doi.org/10.1145/3173386.3177054
Transportation Systems Catapult: Intelligent Mobility: Traveller Needs and U.K. Capability Study (2015)
Amanatidis, T., Langdon, P.M., Clarkson, P.J.: Inclusivity considerations for fully autonomous vehicle user interfaces. In: Breaking Down Barriers, pp. 207–214. Springer, Cham (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75028-6_18
Clarkson, P.J., Coleman, R., Keates, S., Lebbon, C.: Inclusive Design: Design for the Whole Population. Springer, London (2013)
Langdon, P., Johnson, D., Huppert, F., Clarkson, P.J.: A framework for collecting inclusive design data for the UK population. Appl. Ergon. 46(Part B), 318–324 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2013.03.011
Politis, I., Langdon, P., Bradley, M., Skrypchuk, L., Mouzakitis, A., Clarkson, P.J.: Designing autonomy in cars: a survey and two focus groups on driving habits of an inclusive user group, and group attitudes towards autonomous cars. In: Advances in Design for Inclusion, pp. 161–173. Springer, Cham (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60597-5_15
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Amanatidis, T., Langdon, P., Clarkson, P.J. (2020). An Inclusive, Fully Autonomous Vehicle Simulator for the Introduction of Human-Robot Interaction Technologies. In: Stanton, N. (eds) Advances in Human Factors of Transportation. AHFE 2019. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 964. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20503-4_14
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20503-4_14
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-20502-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-20503-4
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)