Skip to main content

Unified Parallel Intent and Slot Prediction with Cross Fusion and Slot Masking

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Natural Language Processing and Information Systems (NLDB 2019)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNISA,volume 11608))

Abstract

In Automatic Speech Recognition applications, Natural Language Processing (NLP) has sub-tasks of predicting the Intent and Slots for the utterance spoken by the user. Researchers have done a lot of work in this field using Recurrent-Neural-Networks (RNN), Convolution Neural Network (CNN) and attentions based models. However, all of these use either separate independent models for both intent and slot or sequence-to-sequence type networks. They might not take full advantage of relation between intent and slot learning. We are proposing a unified parallel architecture where a CNN Network is used for Intent Prediction and Bidirectional LSTM is used for Slot Prediction. We used Cross Fusion technique to establish relation between Intent and Slot learnings. We also used masking for slot prediction along with cross fusion. Our models surpass existing state-of-the-art results for both Intent as well as Slot prediction on two open datasets.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 59.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 74.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    https://keras.io.

References

  1. Goo, C.W., et al.: Slot-gated modeling for joint slot filling and intent prediction. In: Proceedings of Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, vol. 2, pp. 753–757 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Zhang, X., Wang, H.: A joint model of intent determination and slot filling for spoken language understanding. In: IJCAI, pp. 2993–2999 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Liu, B., Lane, I.: Attention-based recurrent neural network models for joint intent detection and slot filling. arXiv:1609.01454 (2016)

  4. Wang, Y., Shen, Y., Jin, H.: A Bi-model based RNN semantic frame parsing model for intent detection and slot filling. In: Proceedings of the Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, vol. 2, pp. 309–314 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Wang, Y., Tang, L., He, T.: Attention-based CNN-BLSTM networks for joint intent detection and slot filling. In: Sun, M., Liu, T., Wang, X., Liu, Z., Liu, Y. (eds.) CCL/NLP-NABD -2018. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 11221, pp. 250–261. Springer, Cham (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01716-3_21

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  6. Kim, Y.: Convolutional neural networks for sentence classification. In: Proceedings of EMNLP 2014 Conference, pp. 1746–1751 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Kim, Y., Lee, S., Stratos, K.: OneNet: joint domain, intent, slot prediction for spoken language understanding. In: Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding Workshop IEEE, pp. 547–553. IEEE (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Zhou., C., Sun, C., Liu, Z., Lau, F.C.M.: A C-LSTM neural network for text classification. arXiv:1511.08630 (2015)

  9. Hochreiter, S., Schmidhuber, J.: Long short-term memory. Neural Comput. 9(8), 1735–1780 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Lai, S., Xu, L., Liu, K., Zhao, J.: Recurrent convolutional neural networks for text classification. In: AAAI, vol. 333, pp. 2267–2273 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Liu, P., Qiu, X., Huang, X.: Recurrent neural network for text classification with multi-task learning. arXiv:1605.05101 (2016)

  12. Huang, Z., Xu, W., Yu, K.: Bidirectional LSTM-CRF models for sequence tagging. arXiv:1508.01991 (2015)

  13. Hakkani-Tür, D., Tur, G., Celikyilmaz, A., Chen, Y.N., Deng, L., Wang, Y.-Y.: Multi-domain joint semantic frame parsing using Bi-directional RNN-LSTM. In: Interspeech (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Kurata, G., Xiang, B., Zhou, B., Yu, M.: Leveraging sentence-level information with encoder LSTM for semantic slot filling. arXiv:1601.01530 (2016)

  15. Shi., Y., Yao, K., Chen, H., Yu, D., Pan, Y.-C., Hwang, M.-Y.: Recurrent support vector machines for slot tagging in spoken language understanding. In: Proceedings of Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, pp. 393–399 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Raymond, C., Riccardi, G.: Generative and discriminative algorithms for spoken language understanding. In: International Speech Communication Association (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Pennington, J., Socher, R., Manning, C.: Glove: Global vectors for word representation. In: Proceedings of Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP), pp. 1532–1543 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Devlin, J., Chang, M.-W., Lee, K., Toutanova, K.: Bert: pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding. arXiv:1810.04805 (2018)

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Anmol Bhasin , Bharatram Natarajan , Gaurav Mathur , Joo Hyuk Jeon or Jun-Seong Kim .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Bhasin, A., Natarajan, B., Mathur, G., Jeon, J.H., Kim, JS. (2019). Unified Parallel Intent and Slot Prediction with Cross Fusion and Slot Masking. In: Métais, E., Meziane, F., Vadera, S., Sugumaran, V., Saraee, M. (eds) Natural Language Processing and Information Systems. NLDB 2019. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 11608. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23281-8_22

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23281-8_22

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-23280-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-23281-8

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics