Abstract
Visually impaired people tend to use printed text when their residual vision is high and braille when their residual vision is low. Braille is a medium that enables visually impaired people to see the world through texts, and they use braille to understand and express a variety of information required in daily life. Owing to developments in technology in recent years, visually impaired people can capture images of documents or objects using a camera mounted on their eyewear or using a smartphone camera and, after extracting texts and converting them into speech, they can interpret the information by listening to the audio content. As a result of substantial research and effort over a long period of time, significant technological progress has been made in enabling visually impaired people to access information. In addition to the development of technology, there are examples where the improvement in information accessibility for visually impaired people is due to improvements in policies and institutions. A typical example is accessibility to the Web, for which the most important means of information access is voice. However, to understand written texts, the most-frequently used learning method involves repeated reading. Hence, for more accurate understanding of the information, the means of “reading” is important, and for visually impaired people, “reading” refers to braille reading. In this study, first, the problems associated with the access to electronic documents that are provided by an information system through the Web or email are examined from the perspective of information access of visually impaired people. Second, a technique is implemented to convert data of a electronic document into braille in the information system server for enabling visually impaired people to access documents more accurately. Third, this study proposes a design method that can translate tabular information of civic service documents to braille by supplementing the disadvantages of conventional braille translation programs. Fourth, an institutional method is proposed for improvement in the efficiency of the aforementioned technique. It is hoped that the results of this study can be used to expand the electronic braille document infrastructure, which will enable visually impaired people to access a variety of information with increased accuracy. Based on this, we intend to provide a foundation for social participation.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Fellenius, K.: Swedish 9-year-old readers with visual impairment; a heterogeneous group. J. Vis. Impairment Blindness 93, 370–380 (1999)
Fountain, J.: Building the Virtual State: Information Technology and Institutional Change. Brookings Institution Press, Washington D.C.*, pp. 88–98 (2001)
Ryles, R.: The impact of braille reading skills on employment, income, education, and reading habits. J. Vis. Impairment Blindness 90(3), 211–215 (1996)
Schroeder, F.: A step toward equality: Cane travel for the young blind child. Future Reflections 8 (1989)
Sugano, A., Ohta, M., Oda, T., Miura, K., Goto, S.: eBraille: a web-based translation program for Japanese text to braille. Internet Res. 20(5), 582–592 (2010)
Kim, M.-S., Choi, J.-H.: The Fourth Industrial Revolution and Understanding of Industrial IoT and Industrial Internet. KISDI New Report Vol. 28 No. 12, Vol. 626, Institute of Information and Telecommunication Policy, pp. 20–26 (2016)
Kim, Y.-Il., Lee, T.-h.: An investigation of the perspectives and current status on the use of braille among the individuals with visual impairments. Korean J. Vis. Impairment 31(3), 157–177 (2015)
Kim, Y.-Il, Moon, H.: An examination of the current status and needs of braille literacy education for individuals with adventitiously visual impairments. Korean J. Vis. Impairment 33(1), 1–29 (2017)
Park, S.-S.: Braille and Information Access in the Digital Age. 2018 Braille Anniversary Seminar Presentation, pp. 13–19 (2018)
Park, J.H., Oh, C.W.: Analysis on braille understanding and braille application condition of visually impaired people. Korean J. Vis. Impairment 27(4), 135–157 (2011)
Lee, C.-W.: A Study on the Effect of Institutions on the Judiciary e-Government promotion. Seoul National University, The Graduate School Master Thesis (2018)
Hyun, J.-H., Kim, S.-i.: The actual condition and improvement methods of web accessibility and usability of Korea government department. KADO Issue Report No. 31(vol. 3 No. 7), National Information Society Agency (2006)
Hwang, S.-M.: A Study on Reading in Paperless and Paper Braille of the Students with Visual Impairment. Department of Special Education Graduate School of Education, KongJu National University (2006)
Greaney, J., Reason, R.: Phonological processing in braille. Dyslexia 5, 215–226 (1999)
Koenig, A.J., Holbrook, M.C.: Learning media assessment. TSBVI, Austin (1995)
Kornell, N., Bjork, R.A.: The promise and Perils of self-regulated—58—study. Psychon. Bull. Rev. 14(2), 219–224 (2007)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Park, HS., Lee, YH., Chun, SH., Kim, JB. (2020). Implementation of Electronic Braille Document for Improved Web Accessibility. In: Lee, R. (eds) Computational Science/Intelligence and Applied Informatics. CSII 2019. Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol 848. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25225-0_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25225-0_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-25224-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-25225-0
eBook Packages: Intelligent Technologies and RoboticsIntelligent Technologies and Robotics (R0)