Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Contextuality Across the Sciences: Bell-Type Theorems in Physics and Cognitive Science

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Modeling and Using Context (CONTEXT 2019)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNAI,volume 11939))

Abstract

Contextuality is a transdisciplinary phenomenon observed across the sciences, including in particular physics, linguistics, artificial intelligence, and cognitive science. In the present paper we shed new light on cognitive contextuality based upon recent developments of quantum cognitive science. We first discuss quantum cognitive science from the perspective of contextuality studies, and formulate the basic tenet of quantum cognitive science as the quantum cognition thesis or the structural quantum mind thesis as opposed to Penrose’s (controversial) quantum brain thesis or material quantum mind thesis. We then discuss Bell-type contextuality results in physics and in cognitive science, and elucidate fundamental differences between cognitive contextuality and physical contextuality. Quantum cognitive science allows us to explicate similarities and dissimilarities between the laws of matter and the laws of mind, contributing to a deeper understanding of the Cartesian dualism.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Abramsky, S., Brandenburger, A.: The sheaf-theoretic structure of non-locality and contextuality. New J. Phys. 13, 113036 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Abramsky, S., Hardy, L.: Logical Bell inequalities. Phys. Rev. A 85, 062114 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Busemeyer, J., Bruza, P.: Quantum Models of Cognition and Decision. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Chalmers, D.: Minds, machines, and mathematics. Psyche 2, 11–20 (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Chalmers, D.: The Conscious Mind: In Search of a Fundamental Theory. Oxford University Press, Oxford (1996)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  6. Cervantes, V., Dzhafarov, E.: Snow Queen is Evil and Beautiful: Experimental Evidence for Probabilistic Contextuality in Human Choices, Decision, vol. 5, 193–204 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Dreyfus, H.: Why Heideggerian AI failed and how fixing it would require making it more Heideggerian. Philos. Psychol. 20, 247–268 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Dzhafarov, E., et al.: On contextuality in behavioural data. Philos. Trans. A Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. 374, 20150234 (2016)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  9. Gödel, K.: Collected Works, vol. III. Oxford University Press, New York (1995)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  10. Galatos, N., et al.: Residuated Lattices: An Algebraic Glimpse at Substructural Logics. Elsevier Science, San Diego (2007)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  11. Lloyd, S.: Programming the Universe. Alfred A. Knopf, New York (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Penrose, R.: The Emperor’s New Mind. Oxford University Press, Oxford (1989)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Penrose, R.: Shadows of the Mind. Oxford University Press, Oxford (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Penrose, R.: Consciousness involves noncomputable ingredients. In: The Third Culture: Beyond the Scientific Revolution. Simin & Schuster, New York (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Pothos, E., Busemeyer, J.: A quantum probability explanation for violations of ‘rational’ decision theory, vol. 276, no. 1665 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. van Rooij, I.: The tractable cognition thesis. Cogn. Sci. 32, 939–984 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Rysiew, P.: Epistemic Contextualism, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Stanford University, Stanford (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Sen, A.: Rational fools: a critique of the behavioral foundations of economic theory. Philos. Public Aff. 6, 317–344 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Tegmark, M.: Importance of quantum decoherence in brain processes. Phys. Rev. E 61, 4194 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Tversky, A., Kahneman, D.: Judgments of and by representativeness. In: Judgment under uncertainty: heuristics and biases. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Wang, Z., Solloway, T., Shiffrin, R., Busemeyer, J.: Context effects produced by question orders reveal quantum nature of human judgments. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 111, 9431–9436 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Weir, K.: A reproducibility crisis?, American Psychological Association (2016). Accessed 23 June 2019

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by JST (grant code JPMJPR17G9).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Hakubi Centre for Advanced Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

    Yoshihiro Maruyama

Authors
  1. Yoshihiro Maruyama
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yoshihiro Maruyama .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Trento, Trento, Italy

    Gábor Bella

  2. University of Trento, Trento, Italy

    Paolo Bouquet

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Maruyama, Y. (2019). Contextuality Across the Sciences: Bell-Type Theorems in Physics and Cognitive Science. In: Bella, G., Bouquet, P. (eds) Modeling and Using Context. CONTEXT 2019. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 11939. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34974-5_13

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34974-5_13

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-34973-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-34974-5

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation