Abstract
Grid systems are large-scale platforms which consume a considerable amount of energy. Several efficient resource/power management strategies were proposed by the specialized literature. However, most of the proposed strategies are rule-based policies which do not exploit workload patterns. Deploying the same set of rules on systems using different usage patterns, and platform settings, may lead to a sub-optimized setup. Due to the complex nature of grid systems, tailoring such a system-specific policy is not a straightforward task. In this paper, we explore a Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) method to build an adaptive energy-aware scheduling policy. We trained our algorithm using real workload traces from Grid’5000 platform. Our experiments pointed out an energy setup saving up to 7%, as well as average requests waiting time reduction of 27%. Finally, the resuslts clarify the importance of explore the workload to build system-specific policies.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
Information available on https://github.com/lccasagrande/GridGym.
- 2.
Information available on https://www.grid5000.fr/w/Hardware.
References
Bolze, R., Cappello, F., Caron, E., Daydé, M., Desprez, F., Jeannot, E., Jégou, Y., Lanteri, S., Leduc, J., Melab, N., Mornet, G., Namyst, R., Primet, P., Quetier, B., Richard, O., Talbi, E.G., Touche, I.: Grid’5000: a large scale and highly reconfigurable experimental grid testbed. Int. J. High Perform. Comput. Appl. 20(4), 481–494 (2006)
Carastan-Santos, D., Yokoingawa De Camargo, R., Trystram, D., Zrigui, S.: One can only gain by replacing easy backfilling: A simple scheduling policies case study. In: 2019 19th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud and Grid Computing (CCGrid) (2019)
Casanova, H., Giersch, A., Legrand, A., Quinson, M., Suter, F.: Versatile, scalable, and accurate simulation of distributed applications and platforms. J. Parallel Distrib. Comput. 74(10), 2899–2917 (2014)
Cheng, M., Li, J., Nazarian, S.: DRL-cloud: deep reinforcement learning-based resource provisioning and task scheduling for cloud service providers. In: Proceedings of the 23rd Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference, pp. 129–134. IEEE Press (2018)
Dayarathna, M., Wen, Y., Fan, R.: Data center energy consumption modeling: a survey. IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor. 18(1), 732–794 (2016)
Dutot, P.F., Mercier, M., Poquet, M., Richard, O.: Batsim: a realistic language-independent resources and jobs management systems simulator. In: Job Scheduling Strategies for Parallel Processing, pp. 178–197. Springer (2015)
Galizia, A., Quarati, A.: Job allocation strategies for energy-aware and efficient grid infrastructures. J. Syst. Softw. 85(7), 1588–1606 (2012). Software Ecosystems
Hinz, M., Koslovski, G., Miers, C., Pilla, L., Pillon, M.: A cost model for IaaS clouds based on virtual machine energy consumption. J. Grid Comput. 16(3), 493–512 (2018)
Hussin, M., Hamid, N.A.W.A., Kasmiran, K.A.: Improving reliability in resource management through adaptive reinforcement learning for distributed systems. J. Parallel Distrib. Comput. 75, 93–100 (2015)
Kintsakis, A.M., Psomopoulos, F.E., Mitkas, P.A.: Reinforcement learning based scheduling in a workflow management system. Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell. 81, 94–106 (2019)
Legrand, A., Trustram, D., Zrigui, S.: Adapting batch scheduling to workload characteristics: what can we expect from online learning? In: 2019 IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS), pp. 686–695 (2019)
Mao, H., Alizadeh, M., Menache, I., Kandula, S.: Resource management with deep reinforcement learning. In: Proceedings of the 15th ACM Workshop on Hot Topics in Networks, pp. 50–56. ACM (2016)
Moghadam, M.H., Babamir, S.M.: Makespan reduction for dynamic workloads in cluster-based data grids using reinforcement-learning based scheduling. J. Comput. Sci 24, 402–412 (2018)
Orgerie, A., Lefèvre, L., Gelas, J.: Save watts in your grid: Green strategies for energy-aware framework in large scale distributed systems. In: 2008 14th IEEE International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems, pp. 171–178 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPADS.2008.97
Orgerie, A.C., Assuncao, M.D.D., Lefevre, L.: A survey on techniques for improving the energy efficiency of large-scale distributed systems. ACM Comput. Surv. (CSUR) 46(4), 47 (2014)
Orhean, A.I., Pop, F., Raicu, I.: New scheduling approach using reinforcement learning for heterogeneous distributed systems. J. Parallel Distrib. Comput. 117, 292–302 (2018)
Poquet, M.: Simulation approach for resource management. Theses, Université Grenoble Alpes (2017). https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01757245
Schulman, J., Moritz, P., Levine, S., Jordan, M., Abbeel, P.: High-dimensional continuous control using generalized advantage estimation. arXiv preprint arXiv:1506.02438 (2015)
Schulman, J., Wolski, F., Dhariwal, P., Radford, A., Klimov, O.: Proximal policy optimization algorithms. arXiv preprint arXiv:1707.06347 (2017)
Sutton, R.S., Barto, A.G., Williams, R.J.: Reinforcement learning is direct adaptive optimal control. IEEE Control Syst. 12(2), 19–22 (1992)
Vicat-Blanc Primet, P., Anhalt, F., Koslovski, G.: Exploring the virtual infrastructure service concept in Grid’5000. In: 20th ITC Specialist Seminar on Network Virtualization. Hoi An, Vietnam (2009)
Acknowledgements
This study was supported by FAPESC, UDESC, and LabP2D. Experiments were carried out on the GRID’5000 testbed, supported by a scientific interest group hosted by Inria and including CNRS, RENATER and several Universities as well as other organizations.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Casagrande, L.C., Koslovski, G.P., Miers, C.C., Pillon, M.A. (2020). DeepScheduling: Grid Computing Job Scheduler Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning. In: Barolli, L., Amato, F., Moscato, F., Enokido, T., Takizawa, M. (eds) Advanced Information Networking and Applications. AINA 2020. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 1151. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44041-1_89
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44041-1_89
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-44040-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-44041-1
eBook Packages: Intelligent Technologies and RoboticsIntelligent Technologies and Robotics (R0)