Skip to main content
Springer Nature Link
Log in

Smart Cities and Citizen Orientation: The Growing Importance of “Smart People” in Developing Modern Cities

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Information Systems (EMCIS 2019)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing ((LNBIP,volume 381))

  • 2695 Accesses

Abstract

The smart people dimension of smart cities becomes more important in recent years and is broadly discussed in the literature. The main goal of this paper is to verify if citizen orientation can be proven not only by research papers, but also actual strategic documents enacted by city officials. For this purpose we discuss citizen orientation of smart city strategies from 30 smart cities from IESE Cities in Motion Index, following two main hypothesis: H1: Smart cities do have strategic documents laying their path to “smartness”, H2: Smart city strategies contain goals proving their citizen orientation. Most of the cities from the sample include “smart” concept in their strategic planning, either as part of general strategy (e.g. New York) or dedicated smart city strategy (e.g. London). Others define only a set of undertaken actions, without setting measurable goals. Many of the cities from the sample tend to include more human- oriented goals, however technology-oriented approach still seems to be dominant.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Barth, J., et al.: Informational urbanism. A conceptual framework of smart cities. In: Proceedings of the 50th Hawaii International Conference on System Science (HICSS- 50), Waikoloa Village, Hawaii, USA, pp. 2814–2823 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Mora, L., Deakin, M., Reid, A.: Smart-city development paths: insights from the first two decades of research. In: Bisello, A., Vettorato, D., Laconte, P., Costa, S. (eds.) SSPCR 2017. GET, pp. 403–427. Springer, Cham (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75774-2_28

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  3. Bernardo, M.R.M.: Smart city governance: from e-government to smart governance. In: Carvalho, L.C., (ed.) Handbook of Research on Entrepreneurial Development and Innovation Within Smart Cities, pp. 290–326. Information Science Reference, Hershey (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Tan, M.: Plugging into the wired world: perspectives from the Singapore. Inf. Commun. Soc. 1(3), 217–245 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Giffinger, R., Fertner, C., Kramar, H., Kalasek, R., Pichler-Milanović, N., Meijers, E.: Smart cities: ranking of European medium-sized cities, Vienna (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Dameri, R.P.: Searching for a smart city definition: a comprehensive proposal. Int. J. Comput. Technol. 11(5), 2544–2551 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Ojo, A., Dzhusupova, Z., Curry, E.: Exploring the nature of the smart cities research landscape. In: Gil-Garcia, J.R., Pardo, T.A., Nam, T. (eds.) Smarter as the New Urban Agenda. PAIT, vol. 11, pp. 23–47. Springer, Cham (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17620-8_2

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  8. Mitchell, W.J.: Me++: The Cyborg Self and the Networked City. MIT Press, Cambridge (2003)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  9. Tabuchi, T.: Agglomeration in world cities. Proc. - Soc. Behav. Sci. 77, 299–307 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Gil-Castineira, F., Costa-Montenegro, E., Gonzalez-Castano, F., López-Bravo, C., Ojala, T., Bose, R.: Experiences inside the ubiquitous oulu smart city. Comput. (Long. Beach. Calif) 44(6), 48–55 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Castells, M.: The Informational City: Economic Restructuring and Urban Development. Blackwell Publishers, Oxford (1989)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Martini, L.: Knowledge sharing in a creative city. Proc. Comput. Sci. 99, 79–90 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Franz, P.: From university town to knowledge city: strategies and regulatory hurdles in Germany. In: Yigitcanlar, T., Velibeyoglu, K., Baum, S. (eds.) Knowledge-Based Urban Development: Planning and Applications in the Information Era, pp. 101–115. IGI Global (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Papa, R., Galderisi, A., Vigo Majello, M.C., Saretta, E.: Smart and resilient cities a systemic approach for developing cross-sectoral strategies in the face of climate change. Tema-J. L. Use Mobil. Environ. 8(1), 19–49 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Cohen, S.: The Sustainable City. Columbia University Press, New York (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Yigitcanlar, T., Kamruzzaman, M., Foth, M., Sabatini-Marques, J., da Costa, E., Ioppolo, G.: Can cities become smart without being sustainable? A systematic review of the literature. Sustain. Cities Soc. 45, 348–365 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Höjer, M., Wangel, J.: Smart sustainable cities: definition and challenges. In: Hilty, L., Aebischer, B. (eds.) ICT Innovations for Sustainability, pp. 333–349. Springer, Cham (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09228-7_20

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  18. Esteven, E., Lopes, N.V., Janowski, T.: Smart sustainable cities: reconnaissance study. United Nations UNU-EGOV (2016). http://collections.unu.edu/eserv/UNU:5825/Smart_Sustainable_Cities_v2final.pdf. Accessed 05 May 2019

  19. Mora, L., Daekin, M., Aina, Y., Appio, F.: Smart city development: ICT innovation for urban sustainability. In: Leal Filho, W., Azul, A.M., Brandli, L., Özuyar, P.G., Wall, T. (eds.) Sustainable Cities and Communities. ENUNSDG, pp. 1–17. Springer, Cham (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71061-7_27-2

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  20. Sharma, D., Singh, S.: Instituting environmental sustainability and climate resilience into the governance process: Exploring the potential of new urban development schemes in India. Int. Area Stud. Rev. 19(1), 90–103 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Chourabi, H., et al.: Understanding smart cities: an integrative framework. In: Proceedings of the 45th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS- 45), pp. 2289–2297. IEEE, Maui (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Mora, L., Daekin, M., Reid, A.: Stylized facts on smart specialization research. In: 27th International Scientific Conference on Economic and Social Development: Book of Proceedings, pp. 176–185 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Scholl, H.J., Scholl, M.C.: Smart governance: a roadmap for research and practice. In: Proceedings of the 9th iConference. Illinois Digital Environment for Access to Learning and Scholarship (IDEALS), Berlin, Germany, pp. 163–176 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Johnson, I.M.: Smart Cities, Smart Libraries, and Smart Librarians. In: Shanghai International Library Forum (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Negre, E., Rosenthal-Sabroux, C., Gascó, M.: A knowledge-based conceptual vision of the smart city. In: Proceedings of the 48th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS-48), pp. 2317–2325 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Zygiaris, S.: Smart city reference model: assisting planners to conceptualize the building of smart city innovation ecosystem. J. Knowl. Econ. 2(2), 217–231 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Nam, T., Pardo, T.A.: Conceptualizing smart city with dimensions of technology, people, and institutions. In: 12th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research (dg.o 2011), pp. 282–291. ACM, College Park (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Castelnovo, W., Misuraca, G., Savoldelli, A.: Smart cities governance: the need for a holistic approach to assessing urban participatory policy making. Soc. Sci. Comput. Rev. 34(6), 724–739 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Oliveira, A., Campolargo, M.: From smart cities to human smart cities. In: Proceedings of the 48th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS- 48), pp. 2336–2344 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Dameri, R.P.: Smart City Implementation. Springer, Cham (2017)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  31. Webster, C.W.R., Leleux, C.: Smart governance: opportunities for technologically- mediated citizen co-production. Inf. Polity 23, 95–110 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Berrone, P., Ricart, J. E.: IESE cities in motion index. IESE Business School, University of Navarra (2018). https://media.iese.edu/research/pdfs/ST-0471-E.pdf. Accessed 05 May 2019

  33. D’Acunto, A., Mena, M., Polimanti, F., Quintiliano, C.: Polis 4.0: rapporto smart city index 2018. EY (2018). https://www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/Smart_City_Index_2018/$FILE/EY_SmartCityIndex_2018.pdf. Accessed 05 May 2019

  34. Giffinger, R., Haindlmaier, G.: Smart cities ranking: an effective instrument for the positioning of cities? ACE Archit. City Environ. IV(12), 7–25 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  35. Top 50 Smart City Governments. Eden Strategy Institute. ONG&ONG Pte Ltd. (2018). https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5b3c517fec4eb767a04e73ff/t/5b513c57aa4a99f62d168e60/1532050650562/Eden-OXD_Top+50+Smart+City+Governments.pdf. Accessed 05 May 2019

  36. Smart Cities Index 2019. EasyPark Group (2019). https://www.easyparkgroup.com/smart-cities-index/. Accessed 05 May 2019

  37. Hales, M., Pena, A.M., Peterson, E., Dessibourg-Freer, N.: A Question of talent: how human capital will determine the next global leaders. In: 2019 Global Cities Report, ATKearney (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  38. Batten, J.: Citizen centric cities. The Sustainable Cities Index 2018, Arcadis (2018). https://www.arcadis.com/media/1/D/5/%7B1D5AE7E2-A348-4B6E-B1D7-6D94FA7D7567%7DSustainable_Cities_Index_2018_Arcadis.pdf. Accessed 20 June 2019

  39. Mainka, A., Hartmann, S., Orszullok, L., Peters, I., Stallman, A., Stock, W.G.: Public libraries in the knowledge society: core services of libraries in informational world cities. Libri 64(4), 295–319 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  40. Johnson, G., Scholes, K., Whittington, R., Regnér, P., Angwin, D.: Exploring Corporate Strategy: Text & Cases, 11th edn. Pearson, Carmel (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  41. Vives, A.: Smart City Barcelona: The Catalan Quest to Improve Future Urban Living. Sussex Academic Press, Brighton (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  42. de Brassio, B., Shorris, A.: One New York. The Plan for a Strong and Just City, The City of New York (2015). http://www.nyc.gov/html/onenyc/downloads/pdf/publications/OneNYC.pdf. Accessed 07 Jun 2019

  43. Emanuel, R.: Resilient Chicago: A Plan for Inclusive Growth and a Connected City, Chicago (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  44. Garcetti, E.: L.A.’s Green New Deal. Sustainable City Plan, Los Angeles (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  45. Walsh, M.J.: Imagine Boston 2030. A plan for the Future of Boston, Boston (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  46. Brown, L.: Working together to build Resilient Auckland (2016). https://www.aucklandemergencymanagement.org.nz/media/1054/19-pro-0212-_resilient-auckland_-online-doc-update_proof1.pdf. Accessed 05 Mar 2019

  47. Tschapat, A.: Strategie Bern 2020 (2009). https://www.google.pl/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwj7g7P6sOzkAhWFp4sKHa0hBhUQFjAAegQIABAC&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bern.ch%2Fpolitik-und-verwaltung%2Fgemeinderat%2Flegislaturrichtlinien%2Fdownloads%2Fstrategie-bern-2020. Accessed 12 Mar 2019

  48. Khan, S.: Smarter London Together. The Mayor’s roadmap to transform London into the smartest city in the world. Greater London Authority, City Hall (2018). https://www.london.gov.uk/sites/default/files/smarter_london_together_v1.66_-_published.pdf. Accessed 08 June 2019

  49. Hidalgo, A., Missika, J.-L.: Paris: Smart and Sustainable. Looking ahead to 2020 and beyond, Mairie de Paris (2016). https://api-site-cdn.paris.fr/images/99354. Accessed 09 June 2019

  50. Koike, Y.: New Tokyo: New Tomorrow. The Action Plan for 2020. Tokyo Metropolitan Government (2016). http://www.metro.tokyo.jp/english/about/plan/documents/pocket_english.pdf. Accessed 08 June 2019

  51. Smart Nation: The Way Forward (2018). https://www.smartnation.sg/docs/default-source/default-document-library/smart-nation-strategy_nov2018.pdf. Accessed 23 Mar 2019

  52. Smart Seoul 2015. Basic Strategic Plan for Informatization of Seoul Metropolitan City. Seoul Metropolitan Government (2014). http://ebook.seoul.go.kr/Viewer/92E7DHQWT49V. Accessed 08 July 2019

  53. Hong-Kong Smart City Blueprint. Innovation and Technology Bureau (2017). https://www.smartcity.gov.hk/doc/HongKongSmartCityBlueprint(EN).pdf. Accessed 11 June 2019

  54. Smart City Strategy Berlin (2015). https://www.stadtentwicklung.berlin.de/planen/foren_initiativen/smart-city/download/Strategie_Smart_City_Berlin_en.pdf. Accessed 14 Mar 2019

  55. Smart City Copenhagen (2016). https://www.gate21.dk/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/Smart_City_Copenhagen_FOLDER_2016.pdf. Accessed 17 Mar 2019

  56. Moore, C.: Sydney 2030. Digital Strategy (2017). https://www.cityofsydney.nsw.gov.au/data/assets/pdf_file/0005/288167/Digital-Strategy.pdf. Accessed 24 Mar 2019

  57. Strategi för Stockholm som smart och uppkopplad stad Bilaga 1. Strategi (2016). https://insynsverige.se/documentHandler.ashx?did=1856826. Accessed 16 Mar 2019

  58. Wade-Brown, C.: Wellington Towards 2040: Smart Capital (2011). https://wellington.govt.nz/~/media/your-council/plans-policies-and-bylaws/plans-and-policies/a-to-z/wellington2040/files/wgtn2040-brochure.pdf. Accessed 19 Mar 2019

  59. Häupl, M., Vassilakou, M.: Smart City Wien: Framework Strategy (2014). https://smartcity.wien.gv.at/site/files/2019/07/Smart-City-Wien-Framework-Strategy_2014-resolution.pdf. Accessed 20 Mar 2019

  60. Strategie Smart City Zürich (2018). https://www.stadt-zuerich.ch/content/dam/stzh/prd/Deutsch/Stadtentwicklung/Grafik_und_Foto/SmartCity/STE_Strategie_Dez2018_Mail_Low_neu.pdf. Accessed 23 Mar 2019

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Journalism, Information and Book Studies, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland

    Mariusz Luterek

Authors
  1. Mariusz Luterek
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mariusz Luterek .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus

    Marinos Themistocleous

  2. British University in Dubai, Dubai, United Arab Emirates

    Maria Papadaki

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Luterek, M. (2020). Smart Cities and Citizen Orientation: The Growing Importance of “Smart People” in Developing Modern Cities. In: Themistocleous, M., Papadaki, M. (eds) Information Systems. EMCIS 2019. Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, vol 381. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44322-1_16

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44322-1_16

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-44321-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-44322-1

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics