Abstract
Few studies have jointly explored the role of factors such as the use of social media, the personality characteristics of young people, the use of thinking mechanisms aimed at moral disengagement, and the emotions experienced in relation to cyberbullying and cybervictimisation behaviour. The analysis presented here, carried out through a questionnaire distributed online and filled in by 655 Italian high school students, allowed to highlight the relationships between these variables. In particular, it emerged that the phenomena of cyberbullying and cybervictimisation are related to the time spent online and to the mechanisms of moral disengagement, which in turn are related to the personality trait of agreeableness. Emotions experienced are most clearly positive in cases of cyberbullying and negative for the victims. This correspondence, however, is reversed in bullies who resort more to thoughts aimed at moral disengagement and feel more negative emotions. The same reversal seems to occur in the victims who, in correspondence with an increased use of the mechanisms of moral disengagement, report to feel more positive emotions.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Ybarra, M., Boyd, D., Korchmaros, J., Oppenheim, J.: Definition and measuring cyberbullying within the larger context of bullying victimization. J. Adolesc. Health 51, 53–58 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2011.12.031
Schneider, S.K., O’donnell, L., Stueve, A., Coulter, R.W.: Cyberbullying, school bullying, and psychological distress: a regional census of high school students. Am. J. Public Health 102(1), 171–177 (2012). https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2011.300308
Beran, T.N., Li, Q.: Cyber-Harassment: a study of a new method for an old behavior. J Educ. Comput. Res. 32(3), 265–277 (2005). https://doi.org/10.2190/8YQM-B04H-PG4D-BLLH
Calvete, E., Orue, I., Estévez, A., Villardón, L., Padilla, P.: Cyberbullying in adolescents: modalities and aggressors’ profile. Comput. Hum. Behav. 26, 1128–1135 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2010.03.017
Parlangeli, O., Marchigiani, E., Bracci, M., Duguid, A.M., Palmitesta, P., Marti, P.: Offensive acts and helping behavior on the internet: an analysis of the relationships between moral disengagement, empathy and use of social media in a sample of Italian students. Work 63(3), 469–477 (2019). https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-192935
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services - Stopbullying.gov, Effects of bullying (2014). https://www.stopbullying.gov/bullying/effects
Menesini, E., Spiel, C.: Introduction: Cyberbullying: Development, consequences, risk and protective factors. Eur. J. Dev. Psychol. 9, 163–167 (2012)
Dempsey, A.G., Sulkowski, M.L., Dempsey, J., Storch, E.A.: Has cybertechnology produced a new group of peer aggressors? Cyberpsych. Beh. Soc. N. 14(5), 297–302 (2011)
Olweus, D.: Cyberbullying: an overrated phenomenon? Eur. J. Dev. Psychol. 9, 520–538 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1080/17405629.2012.682358
Perren, S., Gutzwiller-Helfenfinger, E.: Cyberbullying and traditional bullying in adolescence: differential roles of moral disengagement, moral emotions and moral values. Eur. J. Dev. Psychol. 9(2), 195–209 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1080/17405629.2011.643168
van Geel, M., Goemans, A., Toprak, F., Vedder, P.: Which personality traits are related to traditional bullying and cyberbullying. Pers. Indiv. Differ. 106, 231–235 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.10.063
Goodboy, A.K., Martin, M.M.: The personality profile of a cyberbully: examining the Dark Triad. Comput. Hum. Behav. 49, 1–4 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.02.052
Bandura, A.: Moral disengagement in the perpetration of inhumanities. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 3, 193–209 (1999)
Bandura, A., Barbaranelli, C., Caprara, G.V., Pastorelli, C.: Mechanism of moral disengagement in the exercise of moral agency. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 71, 364–374 (1996)
Bussey, K., Fitzpatrick, S., Raman, A.: The role of moral disengagement and self-efficacy in cyberbullying. J. Sch. Violence 14, 30–46 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1080/15388220.2014.954045
Meter, D.J., Bauman, S.: Moral disengagement about cyberbullying and parental monitoring: effects on traditional bullying and victimization via cyberbullying involvement. J. Early Adolesc. 38, 303–326 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1177/0272431616670752
Monks, C.P., Robinson, S., Worlidge, P.: The emergence of cyberbullying: a survey of primary school pupils’ perceptions and experiences. School Psychol. Int. 33(5), 477–491 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1177/0143034312445242
Haynie, D.L., et al.: Bullies, victims, and bully/victims: distinct groups of at-risk youth. J Early Adolesc. 21, 29–49 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1177/0272431601021001002
Paciello, M., Tramontano, C., Nocentini, A., Fida, R., Menesini, E.: The role of traditional and online moral disengagement on cyberbullying: do externalising problems make any difference? Comput. Hum. Behav. 9, 190–198 (2020)
Schacter, H.L., White, S.J., Chang, V.Y., Juvonen, J.: “Why me?”: characterological self-blame and continued victimization in the first year of middle school. J. Clin. Child Adolesc. 44(3), 446–455 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2013.865194
Runions, K.C., Shaw, T., Bussey, K., Thornberg, R., Salmivalli, C., Cross, D.S.: Moral disengagement of pure bullies and bully/victims: shared and distinct mechanisms. J. Youth Adolesc. 48(9), 1835–1848 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-019-01067-2
Ttofi, M.M., Farrington, D.: Effectiveness of school-based programs to reduce bullying: a systematic and meta-analytic review. J. Exp. Criminol. 7, 27–56 (2010)
Zych, I., Ortega-Ruiz, R., Del Rey, R.: Scientific research on bullying and cyberbullying: where have we been and where are we going. Aggress. Violent Behav. 24, 188–198 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2015.05.015
Schokman, C., Downey, L.A., Lomas, J., Wellham, D., Wheaton, A., Simmons, N., et al.: Emotional intelligence, victimisation, bullying behaviours and attitudes. Learn Indiv. Differ. 36, 194–200 (2014)
Elipe, P., Mora-Merchán, J.A., Ortega-Ruiz, R., Casas, J.A.: Perceived emotional intelligence as a moderator variable between cybervictimization and its emotional impact. Front. Psychol. 6, 486 (2015). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00486
Marikutty, P.J., Joseph, M.I.: Effects of emotional intelligence on stress, psychological well-being, and academic achievement of adolescents. Indian J. Health Wellbeing 7, 699–702 (2016)
Parlangeli, O., Bracci, M., Duguid, A.M., Marchigiani, E., Palmitesta, P.: Cyberllying and prosocial behavior on the net: the influence of some socio-cognitive and contextual factors in a sample of italian high school students. In: Proceedings of the 11th ICERI International Conference of Education Research and Innovation, Seville, Spain, pp. 8982–8987 (2018). https://doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2018
Zych, I., Farrington, D., Llorent, V.J., Ttofi, M.M.: Protecting Children Against Bullying and its Consequences. Springer, New York (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53028-4
Gomez-Ortiz, O., Romera-Felix, E.M., Ortega-Ruiz, R.: Multidimensionality of social competence: measurement of the construct and its relationship with bullying roles. Revista de Psicodidactica (English ed.) 22(1), 37–44 (2017)
Marìn-Lòpez, I., Zych, I., Ortega-Ruiz, R., Hunter, S.C., Llorent, V.J.: Relations among online emotional content use, social and emotional competencies and cyberbullying. Child Youth Serv. Rev. 108, 104647 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.104647
Gül, H., Fırat, S., Sertçelik, M., Gül, A., Gürel, Y., Kılıç, B.G.: Cyberbullying among a clinical adolescent sample in Turkey: effects of problematic smartphone use, psychiatric symptoms, and emotion regulation difficulties. Psychiat. Clin. Psych. 29(4), 1–11 (2018)
Cuadrado-Gordillo, I., Fernández-Antelo, I.: Analysis of moral disengagement as a modulating factor in adolescents’ perception of cyberbullying. Front. Psychol. 10, 1222 (2019). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01222
Schoeps, K., Villanueva, L., Prado-Gascó, V.J., Montoya-Castilla, I.: Development of emotional skills in adolescents to prevent cyberbullying and improve subjective well-being. Front. Psychol. 9, 2050 (2018). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02050
Allison, K.R., Bussey, K.: Individual and collective moral influences on intervention in cyberbullying. Comput. Hum. Behav. 74, 7–15 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.04.019
Luo, A., Bussey, K.: The selectivity of moral disengagement in defenders of cyberbullying: contextual moral disengagement. Comput. Hum. Behav. 93, 318–325 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.12.038
Rammstedt, B., John, O.P.: Measuring personality in one minute or less: a 10 item short version of the big five inventory in English and German. J. Res. Pers. 41, 203–212 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2006.02.001
Watson, D., Clark, L.A., Tellegan, A.: Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: the PANAS scales. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 54(6), 1063–1070 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.54.6.1063
John, O.P., Donahue, E.M., Kentle, R.L.: The Big Five Inventory-Versions 4a and 54. University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Personality and Social Research, Berkeley (1991)
Komulainen, E., Meskanen, K., Lipsanen, J., Lahti, J.M., Jylhä, P., Melartin, T., et al.: The effect of personality on daily life emotional processes. PLoS ONE 9(10), e110907 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0110907
Terracciano, A., McCrae, R.R., Costa Jr., P.T.: Factorial and construct validity of the italian positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS). Eur. J. Psychol. Assess. 19(2), 131–141 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1027//1015-5759.19.2.131
Caprara, G., Barbaranelli, C., Borgogni, L.: BFQ - Big Five Questionnaire. Manuale. Organizzazioni Speciali, Firenze (1993)
Gosling, S.D., Rentfrow, P.J., Swann Jr., W.B.: A very brief measure of the Big-Five personality domains. J. Res. Pers. 37, 504–528 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-6566(03)00046-1
Guido, G., Peluso, A.M., Capestro, M., Miglietta, M.: An Italian version of the 10-item Big Five Inventory: an application to hedonic and utilitarian shopping values. Pers. Indiv. Differ. 76, 135–140 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.11.053
Watson, D., Clark, L.A.: Negative affectivity: the disposition to experience aversive emotional states. Psychol. Bull. 96(3), 465–490 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.96.3.465
Tellegen, A.: Structures of mood and personality and their relevance to assessing anxiety, with an emphasis on self-report. In: Tuma, A.H., Maser, J.D. (eds.) Anxiety and the Anxiety Disorders, pp. 681–706. Erlbaum, Hillsdale (1985)
Bracci, M., Duguid, A.M., Marchigiani, E., Palmitesta, P., Parlangeli, O.: Digital discrimination: an ergonomic approach to emotional education for the prevention of cyberbullying. In: Bagnara, S., Tartaglia, R., Albolino, S., Alexander, T., Fujita, Y. (eds.) IEA 2018. AISC, vol. 826, pp. 723–731. Springer, Cham (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96065-4_76
Parlangeli, O., Bracci, M., Guidi, S., Marchigiani, E., Duguid, A.M.: Risk perception and emotions regulation strategies in driving behaviour: an analysis of the self-reported data of adolescents and young adults. Int. J. Hum. Fact. Erg. 5(2), 166–187 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1504/IJHFE.2018.092242
Dalton, D., Ortegren, M.: Gender differences in ethics research: the importance of controlling for the social desirability response bias. J. Bus. Ethics 103(1), 73–93 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-011-0843-8
Parlangeli, O., Mengoni, G., Guidi, S.: The effect of system usability and multitasking activities in distance learning. In: Proceedings of the CHItaly Conference, 13–16 September, pp. 59–64, Alghero. ACM Library (2011). https://doi.org/10.1145/2037296.2037314
Parlangeli, O., Guidi, S., Fiore Farina, R.: Overloading disks onto a mind: quantity effects in the attribution of mental states to technological systems. In: Proceedings of the 18th International Congress, IEA – International Ergonomics Association, Recife, 12–16 February 2012 (2012)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Parlangeli, O., Marchigiani, E., Guidi, S., Bracci, M., Andreadis, A., Zambon, R. (2020). I Do It Because I Feel that…Moral Disengagement and Emotions in Cyberbullying and Cybervictimisation. In: Meiselwitz, G. (eds) Social Computing and Social Media. Design, Ethics, User Behavior, and Social Network Analysis. HCII 2020. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 12194. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49570-1_20
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49570-1_20
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-49569-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-49570-1
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)