Abstract
The characteristic forms of facial expressions of the emotional states of a human are typical of a rather large degree of generalization on the basis of common physiological structures and the location of the muscles that form the human face. This circumstance is one of the main reasons for the commonality of human display of emotions that are reflected in the face. By the nature and form of facial expressions on the face it is possible, with high probability, to determine the emotional state of a human with some correction on the part of cultural characteristics and traditions of certain groups. In accordance with the existence of common mimic forms of emotional displays, an approach is proposed to create a model of recognition of emotional displays on a human’s face with relatively low requirements for the means of photo, video-fixation. The creation of the model is based on the implementation of the hyperplane classification of mimic displays of major emotional states. One of the main advantages of the proposed approach is the low computational complexity, which makes it possible to implement a system of recognition of changes in the emotional state of a human by mimic displays without the use of specialized equipment. In addition, the model formed on the basis of the proposed approach allows obtaining proper recognition accuracy with low requirements for quality image characteristics, which allows extending the scope of practical application to a great extent. One example of practical application is the control of the driver while driving a transport, complex production operator and other automatic visual surveillance systems. The set of identified emotional states is formed in accordance with the assigned tasks and gives the opportunity to focus on the recognition of facial expressions and to group characteristic structural displays based on the set of distinguished characteristic features.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Barmak, A.V., Krak, Y.V., Manziuk, E.A., Kasianiuk, V.S.: Information technology of separating hyperplanes synthesis for linear classifiers. J. Autom. Inf. Sci. 51(5), 54–64 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1615/JAutomatInfScien.v51.i5.50
Duchenne de Boulogne, G.B., Cuthbertson, A.: The Mechanism of Human Facial Expression. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1990)
Brunelli, R., Poggio, T.: Face recognition: features versus templates. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 15(10), 1042–1052 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1109/34.254061
Cox, T.F., Cox, M.A.A.: Multidimensional Scaling, 2nd edn. Chapman and Hall/CRC, Boca Raton (2001)
Ekman, P., Friesen, W.V.: Manual for the Facial Action Code. Consulting Psychologist Press, Palo Alto, CA (1978)
Ekman, P., Friesen, W.V., Hager, J.C.: The Facial Action Coding System. Salt Lake City, UT Research Nexus eBook (2002)
Hamm, J., Kohler, C.G., Gur, R.C., Verma, R.: Automated facial action coding system for dynamic analysis of facial expressions in neuropsychiatric disorders. J. Neurosci. Methods 200(2), 237–256 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2011.06.023
Hjortsjo, C.H.: Man’s Face and Mimic Language. Studentlitteratur/Lund, Sweden (1970)
Krak, Y.V., Barmak, A.V., Baraban, E.M.: Usage of NURBS-approximation for construction of spatial model of human face. J. Autom. Inf. Sci. 43(2), 71–81 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1615/JAutomatInfScien.v43.i2.70
Kryvonos, I.G., Krak, I.V.: Modeling human hand movements, facial expressions, and articulation to synthesize and visualize gesture information. Cybern. Syst. Anal. 47(4), 501–505 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10559-011-9332-4
Kryvonos, I.G., Krak, I.V., Barmak, O.V., Ternov, A., Kuznetsov, V.A.: Information technology for the analysis of mimic expressions of human emotional states. Cybern. Syst. Anal. 51(1), 25–33 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10559-015-9693-1
de Leeuw, J., Mair, P.: Multidimensional scaling using majorization: SMACOF in R. J. Stat. Softw. 31(3), 1–30 (2009). https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v031.i03
Li, S.Z., Anil, K.L.: Handbook of Face Recognition. Springer, New York (2005)
van der Maaten, L., Postma, E., van den Herik, H.: Dimensionality reduction: a comparative review. Technical report TiCC-TR 2009-005. Tilburg University (2009)
Manziuk, E.A., Barmak, A.V., Krak, Y.V., Kasianiuk, V.S.: Definition of information core for documents classification. J. Autom. Inf. Sci. 50(4), 25–34 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1615/JAutomatInfScien.v50.i4.30
Martinez, A., Du, S.: A model of perception of facial expressions of emotion by human: research overview and perspectives. J. Mach. Learn. Res. 13(1), 1589–1608 (2012)
Romanyuk, O., Vyatkin, S., Pavlov, S., et al.: Face recognition techniques. Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary W Gospodarce I Ochronie Srodowiska 10(1), 52–57 (2020). https://doi.org/10.35784/iapgos.922
Vorontsov, K.: Lectures on algorithms of clustering and multidimensional scaling (2020). http://www.ccas.ru/voron/download/Clustering.pdf
Wingenbach, T.S.H., Ashwin, C., Brosnan, M.: Validation of the Amsterdam dynamic facial expression set - bath intensity variations (ADFES-BIV): a set of videos expressing low, intermediate, and high intensity emotions. PLoS ONE 11(1), 1–28 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0147112
Zhambyu, M.: Hierarchical cluster analysis and matching. Finance Stat. (1988)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Barmak, O., Kalyta, O., Krak, I., Manziuk, E., Kuznetsov, V. (2021). Model of the Facial Emotions Expressions Based on Grouping Classes of Feature Vectors. In: Babichev, S., Lytvynenko, V., Wójcik, W., Vyshemyrskaya, S. (eds) Lecture Notes in Computational Intelligence and Decision Making. ISDMCI 2020. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 1246. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54215-3_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54215-3_5
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-54214-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-54215-3
eBook Packages: Intelligent Technologies and RoboticsIntelligent Technologies and Robotics (R0)