Abstract
When watching omnidirectional movies with Head-Mounted Displays, viewers can freely choose the direction of view, and thus the visible section of the movie. However, looking around all the time can be exhausting and having content in the full 360° area can cause the fear to miss something. For making watching more comfortable, we implemented new methods and conducted three experiments: (1) exploring methods to inspect the full omnidirectional area by moving the head, but not the whole body; (2) comparing head, body and movie rotation and (3) studying how the reduction of the 360° area influences the viewing experience. For (3), we compared the user behavior watching a full 360°, a 225° and a 180° movie via HMD. The investigated techniques for inspecting the full 360° area in a fixed sitting position (experiments 1 and 2) perform well and could replace the often-used swivel chair. Reducing the 360° area (experiment 3), 225° movies resulted in a better score than 180° movies.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Davis, S., Nesbitt, K., Nalivaiko, E.: A Systematic review of cybersickness. In: Proceedings of the 2014 Conference on Interactive Entertainment - IE2014, pp. 1–9. ACM, New York (2014)
Dorta, T., Pierini, D., Boudhraâ, S.: Why 360° and VR headsets for movies?: Exploratory study of social VR via Hyve-3D. In: Actes de la 28ième conférence francophone sur l’Interaction Homme-Machine, pp. 211–220. ACM, New York (2016)
Gugenheimer, J., Wolf, D., Haas, G., Krebs, S., Rukzio, E.: SwiVRChair: A motorized swivel chair to nudge users’ orientation for 360 degree storytelling in virtual reality. In: Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI 2016, pp. 1996–2000. ACM, New York (2016)
Hong, S., Kim, G.J.: Accelerated viewpoint panning with rotational gain in 360 degree videos. In: Proceedings of the 22nd ACM Conference on Virtual Reality Software and Technology - VRST 2016, pp. 303–304. ACM, New York (2016)
Hong, Y., MacQuarrie, A., Steed, A.: The effect of chair type on users’ viewing experience for 360-degree video. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology - VRST 2018, pp. 1–11. ACM, New York (2018)
Jaekl, P.M., Jenkin, M.R., Harris, L.R.: Perceiving a stable world during active rotational and translational head movements. Exp. Brain Res. 163, 388–399 (2005)
Jay, C., Hubbold, R.: Amplifying head movements with head-mounted displays. Presence Teleoperators Virtual Environ. 12, 268–276 (2003)
Kennedy, R.S., Lane, N.E., Berbaum, K.S., Lilienthal, M.G.: Simulator sickness questionnaire: An enhanced method for quantifying simulator sickness. Int. J. Aviat. Psychol. 3, 203–220 (1993)
Kolasinski, E.M.: Simulator Sickness in Virtual Environments. United States Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences (1995)
Langbehn, E., Wittig, J., Katzakis, N., Steinicke, F.: Turn your head half round: VR rotation techniques for situations with physically limited turning angle. In: Proceedings of Mensch und Computer 2019 - MuC 2019, pp. 235–243. ACM, New York (2019)
Lin, Y.-C., Chang, Y.-J., Hu, H.-N., Cheng, H.-T., Huang, C.-W., Sun, M.: Tell me where to look: investigating ways for assisting focus in 360° video. In: Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI 2017, pp. 2535–2545. ACM, New York (2017)
Pausch, R., Snoddy, J., Taylor, R., Watson, S., Haseltine, E.: Disney’s Aladdin: first steps toward storytelling in virtual reality, In: Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques - SIGGRAPH 1996, pp. 193–203. ACM, New York (1996)
Przybylski, A.K., Murayama, K., DeHaan, C.R., Gladwell, V.: Motivational, emotional, and behavioral correlates of fear of missing out. Comput. Hum. Behav. 29, 1841–1848 (2013)
Razzaque, S., Kohn, Z., Whitton, M.C.: Redirected Walking. In: Eurographics 2001 - Short Presentations, pp. 1-6. Eurographics Association (2001)
Rothe, S., Buschek, D., Hußmann, H.: Guidance in cinematic virtual reality-taxonomy. Res. Status Challenges Multimodal Technol. Interact. 3, 19–42 (2019)
Rothe, S., Höllerer, T., Hußmann, H.: CVR-Analyzer: A tool for analyzing cinematic virtual reality viewing patterns. In: Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia - MUM 2018, pp. 127–137. ACM Press, New York (2018)
Sargunam, S.P., Moghadam, K.R., Suhail, M., Ragan, E.D.: Guided head rotation and amplified head rotation: Evaluating semi-natural travel and viewing techniques in virtual reality. In: 2017 IEEE Virtual Reality Conference - IEEEVR 2017, pp. 19–28. IEEE (2017)
Schubert, T., Friedmann, F., Regenbrecht, H.: igroup Presence Questionnaire (IPQ) (2002)
Sitzmann, V., Serrano, A., Pavel, A., Agrawala, M., Gutierrez, D., Masia, B., Wetzstein, G.: Saliency in VR: How do people explore virtual environments? IEEE Trans. Visual Comput. Graphics 24, 1633–1642 (2018)
Steinicke, F., Bruder, G., Jerald, J., Frenz, H., Lappe, M.: Analyses of human sensitivity to redirected walking. In: Proceedings of the 2008 ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology - VRST 2008, pp. 149–156. ACM, New York (2008)
Steinicke, F., Bruder, G., Jerald, J., Frenz, H., Lappe, M.: Estimation of detection thresholds for redirected walking techniques. IEEE Trans. Visual Comput. Graphics 16, 17–27 (2010)
Stratmann, T.C., Löcken, A., Gruenefeld, U., Heuten, W., Boll, S.: Exploring vibrotactile and peripheral cues for spatial attention guidance. In: Proceedings of the 7th ACM International Symposium on Pervasive Displays - PerDis 2018, pp. 1–8. ACM, New York (2018)
Tilley, A.R., Henry Dreyfuss Associates: The Measure of Man and Woman: Human Factors in Design. Wiley, New York (2001)
Vosmeer, M., Schouten, B.: Interactive cinema: Engagement and interaction. In: Mitchell, A., Fernández-Vara, C., Thue, D. (eds.) ICIDS 2014. LNCS, vol. 8832, pp. 140–147. Springer, Cham (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12337-0_14
Whitwam, R.: Google Opens Up VR180 Standard for Virtual Reality Photos and Videos - ExtremeTech (2018)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Rothe, S., Zhao, L., Fahrenwalde, A., Hußmann, H. (2020). How to Reduce the Effort: Comfortable Watching Techniques for Cinematic Virtual Reality. In: De Paolis, L., Bourdot, P. (eds) Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality, and Computer Graphics. AVR 2020. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 12242. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58465-8_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58465-8_1
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-58464-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-58465-8
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)