Abstract
With the recent popularity of model-based design and verification (MBDE), fault injection testing at the functional model level is gaining significant interest. The reason for this interest is it aids in detecting design errors and incorrect requirements on fault detection and tolerance features, very early in the development lifecycle. This is evidenced by the fact that functional safety standards like IEC 61508 and ISO 26262 identify fault injection testing as a highly recommended technique for SIL-3 and SIL-4. The main challenges to date with model-based fault injection are lack of completeness in the fault injection space, semi-manual integration and insertion of fault injection modules into the models and manual identification of fault activation conditions. The work presented in this paper describes a novel model-based fault injection technique that is property-based and applies formal model checking verification methods at the functional model level of design thereby guaranteeing a near-exhaustive state, input and fault space coverage. This method also introduces the usage of properties and model checking capabilities to automate the identification of fault activation conditions for all the faults within the fault space. We describe the workflow and implementation of the property-based Fault injection using Simulink Design Verifier and its application on the functional model of a representative safety-critical system.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Leveson, N.G., Fleming, C.H., Spencer, M., Thomas, J., Wilkinson, C.: Safety assessment of complex, software-intensive systems. SAE Int. J. Aerosp. 5(2012-01–2134), 233–244 (2012)
Elks, C.R., et al.: Application of a fault injection based dependability assessment process to a commercial safety critical nuclear reactor protection system. In: 2010 IEEE/IFIP International Conference on Dependable Systems Networks (DSN), pp. 425–430, June 2010
Yu, Y., Bastien, B., Johnson, B.W.: A state of research review on fault injection techniques and a case study. In: Proceedings of Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium, Alexandria, VA, USA, pp. 386–392. IEEE (2005)
Elks, C.R., George, N.J., Reynolds, M.A., Miklo, M., Berger, C.: Development of a fault injection-based dependability assessment methodology for digital and I&C systems. United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research, NUREG/CR-7151 (2012)
Bingham, S., Lach, J.: Enhanced fault coverage analysis using ABVFI. In: Workshop on Dependable and Secure Nanocomputing, Charlottesville, p. 6, June 2009
Krautz, U., Pflanz, M., Jacobi, C., Tast, H.W., Weber, K., Vierhaus, H.T.: Evaluating coverage of error detection logic for soft errors using formal methods. In: Proceedings of the Design Automation Test in Europe Conference 1, 1–6 (2006)
Leveugle, R.: A new approach for early dependability evaluation based on formal property checking and controlled mutations. In: 11th IEEE International On-Line Testing Symposium, pp. 260–265, July 2005
Larsson, D., Hähnle, R.: Symbolic fault injection. In: International Verification Workshop (VERIFY), vol. 259 (2007)
Vedder, B., Arts, T., Vinter, J., Jonsson, M.: Combining fault-injection with property-based testing. In: Proceedings of International Workshop on Engineering Simulations for Cyber-Physical Systems, Dresden, Germany, pp. 1–8, November 2013
Grunske, L., Winter, K., Yatapanage, N., Zafar, S., Lindsay, P.A.: Experience with fault injection experiments for FMEA. Softw. Pract Exp. 41(11), 1233–1258 (2011)
Heimdahl, M.P.E., Choi, Y., Whalen, M.: Deviation analysis through model checking. In: Proceedings 17th IEEE International Conference on Automated Software Engineering, Edinburgh, UK, pp. 37–46 (2002)
Fondazione Bruno Kessler and Embedded Systems Unit. xsap - - The xSAP safety analysis platform. https://xsap.fbk.eu/. Accessed 13 July 2020
Joshi, A., Heimdahl, M.P.E.: Model-based safety analysis of Simulink models using SCADE design verifier. In: Winther, R., Gran, B.A., Dahll, G. (eds.) SAFECOMP 2005. LNCS, vol. 3688, pp. 122–135. Springer, Heidelberg (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/11563228_10
Güdemann, M., Ortmeier, F., Reif, W.: Using Deductive Cause-Consequence Analysis (DCCA) with SCADE. In: Saglietti, F., Oster, N. (eds.) SAFECOMP 2007. LNCS, vol. 4680, pp. 465–478. Springer, Heidelberg (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-75101-4_44
Jayakumar, A.V.: Systematic model-based design assurance and property-based fault injection for safety critical digital systems. Virginia Commonwealth University (2020)
Mathworks: Simulink® Design Verifier Reference, September 2018. https://www.mathworks.com/help/releases/R2018b/pdf_doc/sldv/sldv_ref.pdf
Shafik, R.A., Rosinger, P., Al-Hashimi, B.M.: SystemC-based minimum intrusive fault injection technique with improved fault representation. In: 2008 14th IEEE International On-Line Testing Symposium, Rhodes, Greece, pp. 99–104, July 2008
Elks, C., Gibson, M., Hite, R., Gautham, S., Jayakumar, A.V., Deloglos, C., Tantawy, A.: Achieving verifiable and high integrity instrumentation and control systems through complexity awareness and constrained design. USDOE Office of Nuclear Energy (NE), 15–8044, July 2019
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Jayakumar, A.V., Elks, C. (2020). Property-Based Fault Injection: A Novel Approach to Model-Based Fault Injection for Safety Critical Systems. In: Zeller, M., Höfig, K. (eds) Model-Based Safety and Assessment. IMBSA 2020. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 12297. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58920-2_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58920-2_8
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-58919-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-58920-2
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)