Skip to main content

Prediction of Social Ties Based on Bluetooth Proximity Time Series Data

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Advances in Computational Intelligence (MICAI 2020)

Abstract

Personal ties in most social networks are explicitly declared by its participants, like on Facebook and LinkedIn. Nonetheless, the accuracy of self-declared relationships has been contested. Empirical studies show that behavioral data is much more accurate than self-reported data, as it relies on objective evidence of social link formation. Evidence collected from online interactions have been widely used to elicit social linkage, while physical interactions are rarely exploited to uncover underlying social structure. In this paper, we use proximity data taken from the Bluetooth detection of mobile devices and show that from the analysis of physical proximity, social relationships can be accurately inferred considering time and order of encounters. We also show that moments of time in which there was no proximity are as relevant for social network elicitation as moments of physical proximity. The purpose of this research work is to infer social ties based solely on behavioral proximity data; our experiments substantiate the claim that we are able to infer social structure with high accuracy exploiting proximity clues only.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Carrington, P.J., Scott, J., Wasserman, S.: Models and Methods in Social Network Analysis, vol. 28. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2005)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  2. Chin, A., Xu, B., Wang, H., Wang, X.: Linking people through physical proximity in a conference. In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Modeling Social Media, MSM 2012, pp. 13–20. ACM, New York (2012). https://doi.org/10.1145/2310057.2310061, https://doi.org/10.1145/2310057.2310061

  3. Cho, H., Ippolito, D., Yu, Y.W.: Contact tracing mobile apps for COVID-19: privacy considerations and related trade-offs. arXiv preprint arXiv:2003.11511 (2020)

  4. Dong, W., Lepri, B., Pentland, A.S.: Modeling the co-evolution of behaviors and social relationships using mobile phone data. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia, MUM 2011, pp. 134–143. ACM, New York (2011). https://doi.org/10.1145/2107596.2107613

  5. Eagle, N., Pentland, A.S., Lazer, D.: Inferring friendship network structure by using mobile phone data. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 106(36), 15274–15278 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0900282106. http://www.pnas.org/content/106/36/15274.abstract

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Feld, S.L.: The focused organization of social ties. Am. J. Sociol. 86(5), 1015–1035 (1981)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Freeman, L.C.: Uncovering organizational hierarchies. Comput. Math. Organ. Theor. 3(1), 5–18 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009690520577

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  8. Granovetter, M.: The strength of weak ties. Am. J. Sociol. 6(78), 1360–1380 (1973)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Hastie, T., Tibshirani, R., Friedman, J.: The Elements of Statistical Learning: Data Mining, Inference, and Prediction, corrected edn, Springer, New york, August 2003. http://www.worldcat.org/isbn/0387952845, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-84858-7

  10. Huang, Y., Shen, C., Contractor, N.S.: Distance matters: exploring proximity and homophily in virtual world networks. Decis. Support Syst. 55(4), 969–977 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2013.01.006. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167923613000158 1. Social Media Research and Applications 2. Theory and Applications of Social Networks

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Madan, A., Moturu, S.T., Lazer, D., Pentland, A.: Social sensing: obesity, unhealthy eating and exercise in face-to-face networks. Wirel. Health 2010, 104–110 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Meyer, D., Dimitriadou, E., Hornik, K., Weingessel, A., Leisch, F.: E1071: misc functions of the department of statistics (e1071), TU Wien, R package version1.6-4 (2014). http://CRAN.R-project.org/package=e1071

  13. Mirisaee, S., Noorzadeh, S., Sami, A., Sameni, R.: Mining friendship from cell-phone switch data. In: 2010 3rd International Conference on Human-Centric Computing (HumanCom), pp. 1–5 August 2010. https://doi.org/10.1109/HUMANCOM.2010.5563332

  14. Nguyen, T., Chen, M., Szymanski, B.: Analyzing the proximity and interactions of friends in communities in gowalla. In: 2013 IEEE 13th International Conference on Data Mining Workshops (ICDMW), pp. 1036–1044, December 2013. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDMW.2013.60

  15. Sekara, V., Lehmann, S.: The strength of friendship ties in proximity sensor data. PLoS ONE 9(7), e100915 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0100915

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Sun, D., Lau, W.C.: Social relationship classification based on interaction data from smartphones. In: 2013 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops (PERCOM Workshops), pp. 205–210, March 2013. https://doi.org/10.1109/PerComW.2013.6529482

  17. Tan, R., Gu, J., Chen, P., Zhong, Z.: Link prediction using protected location history. In: 2013 5th International Conference on Computational and Information Sciences (ICCIS), pp. 795–798, June 2013. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCIS.2013.213

  18. Tang, W., Zhuang, H., Tang, J.: Learning to infer social ties in large networks. In: Gunopulos, D., Hofmann, T., Malerba, D., Vazirgiannis, M. (eds.) ECML PKDD 2011. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 6913, pp. 381–397. Springer, Heidelberg (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23808-6_25

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  19. Xu, B., Chin, A., Wang, H., Wang, H., Zhang, L.: Social linking and physical proximity in a mobile location-based service. In: Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Mobile Location-based Service, MLBS 2011, pp. 99–108. ACM, New York (2011). https://doi.org/10.1145/2025876.2025895

  20. Zheng, A., Casari, A.: Feature Engineering for Machine Learning: Principles and Techniques for Data Scientists. O’Reilly Media Inc, Sebastopol (2018)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

Authors gratefully acknowledge the support from the Mexican National Council for Science and Technology (CONACYT), in the form of a PhD scholarship for the main author.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ramon F. Brena .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Carrasco-Jiménez, J.C., Brena, R.F., Iglesias, S. (2020). Prediction of Social Ties Based on Bluetooth Proximity Time Series Data. In: Martínez-Villaseñor, L., Herrera-Alcántara, O., Ponce, H., Castro-Espinoza, F.A. (eds) Advances in Computational Intelligence. MICAI 2020. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 12469. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60887-3_37

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60887-3_37

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-60886-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-60887-3

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics