Skip to main content

Approaching Quantum Entanglement Developing a Serious Game in Quantum Computing for IT Professionals

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Games and Learning Alliance (GALA 2020)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNISA,volume 12517))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

Quantum Computing (QC) has gained a constantly rising level of attention and interest in the last years from academic institutions and research teams in the industry alike. Although several serious games (SG) for QC are available to date, the specific learning needs of IT professionals are not sufficiently covered to equip them with a knowledge base on the fundamental concepts of QC. Based on an analysis of 12 current SGs in QC, we have identified the concept of Entanglement as an underrepresented learning objective and have developed a SG around Quantum Entanglement using the Greenberg-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) experiment as a joint project in cooperation with the IBM Quantum Ambassadors team.

This paper advances the knowledge base within the field of SGs and learning across three dimensions: (1) it identifies Quantum Entanglement as underrepresented learning topic in the array of QC concepts covered by SGs, (2) provides a case study on the development of a SG in the application domain QC for a business context, and therefore (3) fundamentally adds to the understanding how and with whom such a SG is used in the advanced professional computing industry.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. 1.

    Available under CC-license on github (https://github.com/JanLahmann/Fun-with-Quantum).

  2. 2.

    Documents that can contain interactive code cells (programmed in Python), equations, visualizations and explanations.

References

  1. Chow, J.; Gambetta, J.: Quantum Takes Flight: Moving from Laboratory Demonstrations to Building Systems. IBM Research Blog (2020). https://www.ibm.com/blogs/research/2020/01/quantum-volume-32/. Accessed 22 June 2020

  2. Mermin, N.D.: Quantum Computer Science: An Introduction. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2007)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  3. Woerner, S., Egger, D.J.: Quantum risk analysis. npj Quantum Inf. 5 (2019). Paper 15. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-019-0130-6

  4. Airbus Innovation: Airbus Quantum Computing Challenge. https://www.airbus.com/innovation/tech-challenges-and-competitions/airbus-quantum-computing-challenge.html. Accessed 08 July 2020

  5. Nielsen, M.A., Chuang, I.L.: Quantum Computation and Quantum Information. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2010)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  6. Einstein, A., Born, M.: Briefwechsel 1916-955. Müller Verlag, Langen (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  7. C. Conati, Zhao, X.: Building and evaluating an intelligent pedagogical agent to improve the effectiveness of an educational game. In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces (IUI 2004). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, pp. 6–13 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1145/964442.964446

  8. Johnson, W.L.: Serious use of a serious game for language learning. In Proceedings of the 2007 Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education: Building Technology Rich Learning Contexts That Work, pp. 67–74. IOS Press, NLD (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Millis, K., Forsyth, C., Butler, H., Wallace, P., Graesser, A., Halpern, D.: Operation ARIES!: a serious game for teaching scientific inquiry. In: Ma, M., Oikonomou, A., Jain, L.C. (eds.) Serious Games and Edutainment Applications, pp. 169–195. Springer, London (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-2161-9_10

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  10. Rowe, J.P., Shores, L.R., Mott, B.W., Lester, J.C.: Integrating learning, problem solving, and engagement in narrative-centered learning environments. Int. J. Artif. Intell. Educ. 21(1–2), 115–133 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Dorland, B., et al.: Quantum physics vs. classical physics: introducing the basics with a virtual reality game. In: Liapis, A., Yannakakis, Georgios N., Gentile, M., Ninaus, M. (eds.) GALA 2019. LNCS, vol. 11899, pp. 383–393. Springer, Cham (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34350-7_37

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  12. Bommanapally, V., Subramaniam, M., Chundi, P., Parakh, A.: Navigation hints in serious games. In: Beck, D., et al. (eds.) Online Proceedings from First Immersive Online Learning Network Conference, Technische Universität Graz (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Abeyrathna, D., Vadla, S., Bommanapally, V., Subramaniam, M., Chundi, P., Parakh, A.: Analyzing and predicting player performance in a quantum cryptography serious game. In: Gentile, M., Allegra, M., Söbke, H. (eds.) GALA 2018. LNCS, vol. 11385, pp. 267–276. Springer, Cham (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11548-7_25

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  14. Meetup. https://www.meetup.com/de-DE/meet-and-think-at-ibm/events/268534178/. Accessed 05 July 2020

  15. IEEE QCE20. International Conference on Quantum Computing & Engineering. https://qce.quantum.ieee.org/tutorials/. Accessed 05 July 2020

  16. Homeister, M.: Quantum Computing verstehen: Grundlagen – Anwendungen –Perspektiven. Springer Vieweg, Wiesbaden (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-22884-2

    Book  MATH  Google Scholar 

  17. Baumhof, A.: Quantum leap: why the next wave of computers will change the world. World Economic Forum (2019). https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2019/10/quantum-computers-next-frontier-classicalgoogle-ibm-nasa-supremacy/. Accessed 05 July 2020

  18. Statista (2020). https://www.statista.com/statistics/993634/quantum-computers-by-number-of-qubits/. Accessed 05 July 2020

  19. Wilhelm, F.K., et al.: Status of Quantum Computer development. BSI, Federal Office for Information Security (2019). https://www.bsi.bund.de/EN/Topics/Crypto/Cryptography/QuantumComputing/quantum_computing_node.html. Accessed 05 July 2020

  20. Guidotti, R.: The Power of Destructive Interference in Quantum Computing (2015). https://doi.org/10.13140/rg.2.1.2067.4008. Accessed 05 July 2020

  21. Vaidman, L.: Variations on the theme of the Greenbeger-Horne-Zeilinger proof. Found. Phys. 29, 615–630 (1999)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  22. Huizinga, J.: Homo ludens: Versuch einer Bestimmung des Spielelementes der Kultur. Pantheon, Amsterdam (1939)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Dörner, R., Göbel, S., Effelsberg, W., Wiemeyer, J. (eds.): Serious Games. Springer, Cham (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40612-1

    Book  Google Scholar 

  24. Gambetta, J.; Chow, J.: Quantum computing: it’s time to build a quantum community (2016). https://www.ibm.com/blogs/research/2016/05/quantum-computing-time-build-quantum-community/. Accessed 05 July 2020

  25. Qiskit: Welcome to Quantum (2020). https://qiskit.org. Accessed 05 July 2020

  26. IBM Research: Entanglion (2019). https://entanglion.github.io. Accessed 05 July 2020

  27. IBM: Hello Quantum (2018). http://helloquantum.mybluemix.net. Accessed 05 July 2020

  28. Huang, J.: QPong: a quantum version of the classic Pong using Qiskit and pygame. https://github.com/HuangJunye/QPong. Accessed 20 Apr 2020

  29. Lahmann, J.R.: How Quantum Power Helps to Win a Coin Game (2020). http://ibm.biz/QiskitCoinGame. Accessed 05 July 2020

  30. GitHub: Quantum Battleships with partial NOT gates. Github (2019). https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit-community-tutorials/blob/master/games/battleships_with_partial_NOT_gates.ipynb. Accessed 05 July 2020

  31. Decodoku: Hunt the Quantpus. https://decodoku.itch.io/hunt-the-quantpus. Accessed 05 July 2020

  32. Decodoku: Quantum Solitaire. https://decodoku.itch.io/quantum-solitaire. Accessed 05 July 2020

  33. Quantum TicTacToe: Play the game (2019). https://quantumtictactoe.com/play. Accessed 05 July 2020

  34. GitHub: Quantum Poker. Github (2020). https://github.com/sintefmath/QuantumPoker. Accessed 05 July 2020

  35. GitHub: Qiskit Blocks. Github (2019). https://github.com/JavaFXpert/QiskitBlocks. Accessed 05 July 2020

  36. GitHub: Quantum Awesomeness (2018). https://github.com/decodoku/A_Game_to_Benchmark_Quantum_Computers/blob/master/README.md. Accessed 05 July 2020

  37. Truly Quantum Chess: Truly Quantum Chess Alpha (2017). https://truly-quantum-chess.sloppy.zone. Accessed 05 July 2020

  38. Thomas, A.T.: Hidden in Plain Sight 10: How to Program a Quantum Computer. Createspace Independent Publishing Platform (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  39. Mohrhoff, U.: A Quantum Game. This Quantum World (2018). https://thisquantumworld.com/the-mystique-of-quantum-mechanics/a-quantum-game/. Accessed 05 July 2020

Download references

Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Dr. James Wootton (IBM Research) for discussing our ideas of the game and design of a Serious Game for Quantum Computing and for his help in streamlining our setup for the target group of IT professionals.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Isabell Heider .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Heider, I., Bendl, H., Lahmann, JR., Mörike, F. (2020). Approaching Quantum Entanglement Developing a Serious Game in Quantum Computing for IT Professionals. In: Marfisi-Schottman, I., Bellotti, F., Hamon, L., Klemke, R. (eds) Games and Learning Alliance. GALA 2020. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 12517. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63464-3_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63464-3_5

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-63463-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-63464-3

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics