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Dual-Mode NIZKs: Possibility and Impossibility Results for Property Transfer

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Progress in Cryptology – INDOCRYPT 2020 (INDOCRYPT 2020)

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Abstract

This paper formulates, and studies, the problem of property transference in dual-mode NIZKs. We say that a property P (such as soundness, ZK or WI) transfers, if, one of the modes having P allows us to prove that the other mode has the computational analogue of P, as a consequence of nothing but the indistinguishability of the CRSs in the two modes. Our most interesting finding is negative; we show by counter-example that the form of soundness that seems most important for applications fails to transfer. On the positive side, we develop a general framework that allows us to show that zero knowledge, witness indistinguishability, extractability and weaker forms of soundness do transfer. Our treatment covers conventional, designated-verifier and designated-prover NIZKs in a unified way.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the IndoCrypt 2020 reviewers for their comments. The authors are supported in part by NSF grant CNS-1717640 and a gift from Microsoft corporation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, USA

    Vivek Arte & Mihir Bellare

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  1. Vivek Arte
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  2. Mihir Bellare
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Correspondence to Vivek Arte .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Inria Paris, Paris, France

    Karthikeyan Bhargavan

  2. University of Klagenfurt, Klagenfurt, Austria

    Elisabeth Oswald

  3. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

    Manoj Prabhakaran

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Arte, V., Bellare, M. (2020). Dual-Mode NIZKs: Possibility and Impossibility Results for Property Transfer. In: Bhargavan, K., Oswald, E., Prabhakaran, M. (eds) Progress in Cryptology – INDOCRYPT 2020. INDOCRYPT 2020. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 12578. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65277-7_38

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65277-7_38

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