Skip to main content

The Time-Lagged Effect Problem on (Un)truthful Data, a Case Study on COVID-19 Outbreak

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Production Research (ICPR-Americas 2020)

Part of the book series: Communications in Computer and Information Science ((CCIS,volume 1408))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

The Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) emerged by December 2019, in Wuhan, China; it was reported and, a few months after, in the most of countries we are living a pandemic of an (almost) unknown disease never observed before. For this reason, the importance of a good measurement on the counting of observed cases has a crucial role. This work addresses the time-lagged effect problem via Bayesian analysis supported by a stochastic discrete-event simulation to give an answer to the truthfulness of the data and to validate the obtained results in terms of proportions based on an expected result in the particular case of Spain. Obtained results show that the reported data is untruthful and can make wrong any analysis, but even when the simulating results are as we expected they might be wrong in terms of absolute numbers. However, the most important knowledge we get is related to the fact that the disease might be considered under control because it is more likely that a person gets recover than She/He dies.

The author is grateful for partial support from ANID Beca Magíster en el Extranjero, Becas Chile, Folio 73201112.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Anastassopoulou, C., Russo, L., Tsakris, A., Siettos, C.: Data-based analysis, modelling and forecasting of the COVID-19 outbreak. PloS one 15(3), e0230405 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Backer, J.A., Klinkenberg, D., Wallinga, J.: Incubation period of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infections among travellers from Wuhan, China, 20–28 January 2020. Euro. Surveill. 25(5), 2000062 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Fan, J., Liu, X., Pan, W., Douglas, M.W., Bao, S.: Epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus disease-19 in Gansu Province, China, 2020. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 26(6), 1257–1265 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Fanelli, D., Piazza, F.: Analysis and forecast of COVID-19 spreading in China, Italy and France. Chaos, Solitons Fractals 134, 109761 (2020)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  5. How, C., et al.: The effectiveness of the quarantine of Wuhan city against the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): well-mixed SEIR model analysis. J. Med. Virol. 92(7), 841–848 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Instituto Nacional de Estadística: Cifras de Población (2020). https://www.ine.es/dyngs/INEbase/es/operacion.htm?c=Estadistica_C&cid=1254736176951&menu=ultiDatos&idp=1254735572981. Accessed 14 July 2020

  7. Ioannidis, J.P.: A fiasco in the making? As the coronavirus pandemic takes hold, we are making decisions without reliable data. Stat 17 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Johns Hopkins University: COVID-19 Data Repository by the Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE) at Johns Hopkins University (2020). https://github.com/CSSEGISandData/COVID-19/tree/master/csse_covid_19_data/csse_covid_19_time_series. Accessed 3 May 2020

  9. Jung, S.M., et al.: Real-time estimation of the risk of death from novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection: inference using exported cases. J. Clin. Med. 9(2), 523 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Kirkcaldy, R.D., King, B.A., Brooks, J.T.: COVID-19 and postinfection immunity: limited evidence, many remaining questions. Jama 323(22), 2245–2246 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Lai, C.C., Shih, T.P., Ko, W.C., Tang, H.J., Hsueh, P.R.: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and corona virus disease-2019 (COVID-19): the epidemic and the challenges. J. Antimicrob. Agents 55(3), 105924 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Ota, M.: Will we see protection or reinfection in COVID-19? Nat. Rev. Immunol. 20(6), 351 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Prem, K., et al.: The effect of control strategies to reduce social mixing on outcomes of the COVID-19 epidemic in Wuhan, China: a modelling study. The Lancet Public Health 5(5), 261–270 (2020)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  14. Read, J.M., Bridgen, J.R., Cummings, D.A., Ho, A., Jewell, C.P.: Novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV: early estimation of epidemiological parameters and epidemic predictions. MedRxiv (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Riou, J., Althaus, C.L.: Pattern of early human-to-human transmission of Wuhan 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), December 2019 to January 2020. Euro. Surveill. 25(4), 2000058 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Shen, M., Peng, Z., Xiao, Y., Zhang, L.: Modelling the epidemic trend of the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in China. Innov. 1(3), 100048 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Singhal, T.: A review of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Indian J. Pediatr. 87(4), 281–286 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Song, F., et al.: Emerging 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia. Radiol. 295(1), 210–217 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Stan Development Team: RStan: the R interface to Stan, r package version 2.19.3 (2020). http://mc-stan.org/

  20. Velavan, T.P., Meyer, C.G.: The COVID-19 epidemic. Trop. Med. Int. Health 25(3), 278 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. World Health Organization: Coronavirus disease (COVID-2019) situation reports (2020). https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/situation-reports/. Accessed 22 May 2020

  22. Wu, J.T., et al.: Estimating clinical severity of COVID-19 from the transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China. Nat. Med. 26(4), 506–510 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Yi, Y., Lagniton, P.N., Ye, S., Li, E., Xu, R.H.: COVID-19: what has been learned and to be learned about the novel coronavirus disease. Int. J. Biol. Sci. 16(10), 1753 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Zhao, S., et al.: Estimating the unreported number of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) cases in china in the first half of January 2020: a data-driven modelling analysis of the early outbreak. J. Clin. Med. 9(2), 388 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Zhao, S., Chen, H.: Modeling the epidemic dynamics and control of COVID-19 outbreak in China. Quant. Biol. 8(1), 11–19 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40484-020-0199-0

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  26. Zhi, Z.L.X.B.X.Z.: The epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) in China. Novel, Coronavirus Pneumonia Emergency Response Epidemiology and others 41(2), 145 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Luis Rojo-González .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Rojo-González, L. (2021). The Time-Lagged Effect Problem on (Un)truthful Data, a Case Study on COVID-19 Outbreak. In: Rossit, D.A., Tohmé, F., Mejía Delgadillo, G. (eds) Production Research. ICPR-Americas 2020. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 1408. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76310-7_23

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76310-7_23

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-76309-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-76310-7

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics