Skip to main content

Survival and Sustainability Strategies of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) During and After Covid-19 Pandemic: A Conceptual Framework

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Complex, Intelligent and Software Intensive Systems (CISIS 2021)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems ((LNNS,volume 278))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

Globally, the economy is a sector that has experienced a significant negative impact due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are the most vulnerable trade sector to risk because they tend not to have sufficient resources to survive during the pandemic. Therefore, to maintain its existence, survival and sustainability strategies are essential concerns for SMEs. Accordingly, this paper aims to develop a framework on how SMEs build survival and sustainability strategies during and after the Covid-19 pandemic. The strategies were developed by adopting the Resource-based View (RBV). The proposed framework includes increasing human resources, expanding and increasing network utilization, maintaining financial resources, and increasing innovation in technology. Through strengthening and optimally utilizing resources, it is expected that SMEs can maintain their business existence well and can create a competitive advantage during and after the Covid-19 pandemic.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Olivia, S., Gibson, J., Nasrudin, R.: Indonesia in the time of Covid-19. Bull. Indones. Econ. Stud. 56(2), 143–174 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1080/00074918.2020.1798581

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Lutfi, M., Buntuang, P.C.D., Kornelius, Y., Erdiyansyah, Hasanuddin, B.: The impact of social distancing policy on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia. Probl. Perspect. Manag. 18(3), 492–503 (2020). https://doi.org/10.21511/ppm.18(3).2020.40

  3. Cepel, M., Gavurova, B., Dvorsky, J., Belas, J.: The impact of the covid-19 crisis on the perception of business risk in the sme segment. J. Int. Stud. 13(3), 248–263 (2020). https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-8330.2020/13-3/16

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. ICC: A Call to Action to Save Our SMEs, pp. 1–3 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Amuda, Y.J.: Impact of coronavirus on small and medium enterprises (Smes): towards post-Covid-19 economic recovery in Nigeria. Acad. Strateg. Manag. J. 19(6), 1–11 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Wang, Y., Hong, A., Li, X., Gao, J.: Marketing innovations during a global crisis: a study of China firms’ response to COVID-19. J. Bus. Res. 116(May), 214–220 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.05.029

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Fitriasari, F.: How do small and medium enterprise (SME) survive the COVID-19 outbreak? J. Inov. Ekon. 5(02), 53–62 (2020). https://doi.org/10.22219/jiko.v5i3.11838

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Al-Hyari, K.: Initial empirical evidence on how jordanian manufacturing smes cope with the covid-19 pandemic. Acad. Strateg. Manag. J. 19(1), 1–12 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Christa, U.R., Kristinae, V.: The effect of product innovation on business performance during covid 19 pandemic. Uncertain Supply Chain Manag. 9(1), 151–158 (2021). https://doi.org/10.5267/j.uscm.2020.10.006

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Akpan, I.J., Udoh, E.A.P., Adebisi, B.: Small business awareness and adoption of state-of-the-art technologies in emerging and developing markets, and lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic. J. Small Bus. Entrep. 0(0), 1–18 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1080/08276331.2020.1820185

  11. Caballero-Morales, S.-O.: Innovation as recovery strategy for smes in emerging economies during the COVID-19 pandemic. Res. Int. Bus. Finan. 57, 101396 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2021.101396

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Adebisi, S.A., Bakare, N.A.: Survival strategies and sustainability of small and medium enterprises in a volatile environment. Manag. Dyn. Knowl. Econ. 7(4), 553–570 (2019). https://doi.org/10.25019/mdke/7.4.07

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Bourletidis, K., Triantafyllopoulos, Y.: SMEs survival in time of crisis: strategies, tactics and commercial success stories. Procedia - Soc. Behav. Sci. 148, 639–644 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.07.092

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Siddiqi, M.N.: Islamic banking and finance in theory and practice: a survey of state of the art. Islam. Econ. Stud. 13(2), 2–48 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Schoonjans, B., Van Cauwenberge, P., Bauwhede, H.V.: Formal business networking and SME growth. Small Bus. Econ. 41(1), 169–181 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-011-9408-6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Gregory, G., Harvie, C., Lee, H.-H.: Korean SMEs in the wake of the financial crisis: strategies, constraints, and performance in a global economy university of wollongong in a global economy and. Univ. Wollongong 2(3), 64–79 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Abdesamed, K.H., Wahab, K.A.: Owner/Managers’ external financing used and preference towards Islamic banking. World Acad. Sci. Eng. Technol. Int. J. Soc. Behav. Educ. Econ. Bus. Ind. Eng. 9(9), 3176–3181 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Mourougane, A.: Promoting SME development (2012). https://doi.org/10.1787/eco_surveys-idn-2012-6-en

  19. Wahab, K.A., Abdesamed, K.H.: Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) financing practice and accessing bank loan issues-the case of Libya. Int. J. Econ. Manag. Eng. 6(12), 1535–1540 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Choi, T.-M., Sethi, S.P.: Innovative service operations for survivals of SMEs under COVID-19: two cases in Hong Kong. IEEE Eng. Manage. Rev. 49(1), 50–54 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1109/EMR.2021.3050406

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Siddiqua, A.: A study on impact of Covid-19 in India. Int. Rev. Bus. Econ. people 4, 155–158 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Korankye, B.: The impact of global Covid-19 pandemic on small and medium enterprises in Ghana. Int. J. Manag. Account. Econ. 7(6), 255–276 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Statistics Indonesia: Analysis on COVID-19 Impact on Businesses Owners. BPS RI (2020). https://www.bps.go.id/publication/2020/09/15/9efe2fbda7d674c09ffd0978/analisis-hasil-survei-dampak-covid-19-terhadap-pelaku-usaha.html. Accessed on 15 April 2021

  24. Gamage, S.K.N., Ekanayake, E.M.S., Abeyrathne, G.A.K.N.J., Prasanna, R.P.I.R., Jayasundara, J.M.S.B., Rajapakshe, P.S.K.: A review of global challenges and survival strategies of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Economies 8(4) (2020). https://doi.org/10.3390/ECONOMIES8040079

  25. Gupta, P.D., Guha, S., Krishnaswami, S.S.: Firm growth and its determinants. J. Innov. Entrep. 1–15 (2013). https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203053171-19

  26. Wernerfelt, B.: Harmonised implementation of application-specific messages (ASMs). Strateg. Manag. J. CINCO(2), 1–12 (1984). http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/smj.4250050207/abstract

  27. Barney, J.: Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. J. Manage. 17(1), 99–120 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Becker, G.S.: Human Capital A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis, with Special Reference to Education 3rd edn. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago (1964)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Omri, A., Frikha, M.A., Bouraoui, M.A.: An empirical investigation of factors affecting small business success. J. Manag. Dev. 34(9), 1073–1093 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1108/JMD-07-2013-0088

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. David Brown, J., Earle, J.S., Lup, D.: What makes small firms grow? Finance, human capital, technical assistance, and the business environment in Romania. Source Econ. Dev. Cult. Chang 54(1), 33–70 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1086/431264

  31. Honig, B.: What determines success? Examining the human, financial, and social capital of Jamaican microentrepreneurs. J. Bus. Ventur. 13(5), 371–394 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026(97)00036-0

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Kachlami, H., Yazdanfar, D.: Determinants of SME growth: the influence of financing pattern. An empirical study based on Swedish data. Manag. Res. Rev. 39(9), 966–986 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-04-2015-0093

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Gibbert, M., Hoegl, M., Valikangas, L.: Introduction to the special issue: financial resource constraints and innovation. J. Prod. Innov. Manag. 31(2), 197–201 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1111/jpim.12089

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Roper, S., Turner, J.: R&D and innovation after COVID-19: what can we expect? A review of prior research and data trends after the great financial crisis. Int. Small Bus. J. Res. Entrep. 38(6), 504–514 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1177/0266242620947946

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Camisón-Zornoza, C., Lapiedra-Alcamí, R., Segarra-Ciprés, M., Boronat-Navarro, M.: A meta-analysis of innovation and organizational size. Organ. Stud. 25(3), 331–361 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1177/0170840604040039

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Naidoo, V.: Firm survival through a crisis: the influence of market orientation, marketing innovation and business strategy ☆. Ind. Mark. Manag. 39(8), 1311–1320 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2010.02.005

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Pelham, A.M.: Market orientation and other potential influences on performance in small and medium-sized manufacturing firms. J. Small Bus. Manag. 38(1), 48–67 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  38. Akpan, I.J., Soopramanien, D., Kwak, D.H.: Cutting-edge technologies for small business and innovation in the era of COVID-19 global health pandemic. J. Small Bus. Entrep. 0(0), 1–11 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1080/08276331.2020.1799294

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Naila Najihah .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Najihah, N., Permatasari, D., Mutoharoh (2021). Survival and Sustainability Strategies of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) During and After Covid-19 Pandemic: A Conceptual Framework. In: Barolli, L., Yim, K., Enokido, T. (eds) Complex, Intelligent and Software Intensive Systems. CISIS 2021. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 278. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79725-6_53

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics