Abstract
Many camera industries start to integrate artificial intelligence into their products in order to help novice users shooting photographs like experts. One of the differences between novices and experts is the knowledge and skill of image composition. This study sought to emphasize find out how the rule of thirds and leading lines are effective to guide to images’ focal points. 30 participants, 15 with photography education (Experts) and 15 without (Novices), were tested with similar images by using the eye tracking device. They were measured in terms of total dwell time and attention by the area of interests (AOI) to compare the heatmap between the expert and novice participants. The result shows that the experts chose the images with rules of third more often while the novices chose other elements over the composition. This study shows an insight that ‘Rules of third’ does not necessarily make photographs look more appealing to novices’ eyes; however, it helps images become more interesting for experts. For the leading lines, both experts and novices did not follow the Loomis’s suggestion for entering, exploring, and exiting.
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Acknowledgments
Researchers would like to thank Alexander Andrews, Clay Banks, Raimond Klavins, and Marek Piwnicki for their photography images and all of them are from https://unsplash.com.
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Torabi, F., Teeravarunyou, S. (2021). How Experts and Novices Perceive the Photographic Image Composition: An Eye-Tracking Study on Composition. In: Ahram, T.Z., Falcão, C.S. (eds) Advances in Usability, User Experience, Wearable and Assistive Technology. AHFE 2021. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 275. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80091-8_89
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80091-8_89
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