Skip to main content

A Natural Formalization of Changing-One’s-Mind Leads to Square Root of “Not” and to Complex-Valued Fuzzy Logic

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Explainable AI and Other Applications of Fuzzy Techniques (NAFIPS 2021)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems ((LNNS,volume 258))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

We show that a natural formalization of the process of changing one’s mind leads to such seemingly non-intuitive ideas as square root of “not” and complex-valued fuzzy degrees.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Aghakhani, S., Dick, S.: An on-line learning algorithm for complex fuzzy logic. In: Proceedings of the 2010 International IEEE Conference on Fuzzy Sets and Systems FUZZ-IEEE’2010, pp. 1–7 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Belohlavek, R., Dauben, J.W., Klir, G.J.: Fuzzy Logic and Mathematics: A Historical Perspective. Oxford University Press, New York (2017)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  3. Chen, Z., Aghakhani, S., Man, J., Dick, S.: ANCFIS: a neurofuzzy architecture employing complex fuzzy sets. IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst. 19(2), 305–322 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Dick, S.: Towards complex fuzzy logic. IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst. 13(3), 405–414 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Kosheleva, O., Kreinovich, V.: Approximate nature of traditional fuzzy methodology naturally leads to complex-valued fuzzy degrees. In: Proceedings of the IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence WCCI’2014, Beijing, China, 6–11 July (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Klir, G., Yuan, B.: Fuzzy Sets and Fuzzy Logic. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River (1995)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  7. Kosheleva, O., Kreinovich, V., Ngamsantivong, T.: Why complex-valued fuzzy? Why complex values in general? A computational explanation. In: Proceedings of the Joint World Congress of the International Fuzzy Systems Association and Annual Conference of the North American Fuzzy Information Processing Society IFSA/NAFIPS’2013, Edmonton, Canada, 24–28 June 2013, pp. 1233–1236 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Kreinovich, V., Kohout, L., Kim, E.: Square root of ‘not’: a major difference between fuzzy and quantum logics. In: Proceedings of the 27th International Conference of the North American Fuzzy Information Processing Society NAFIPS’2008, New York, New York, 19–22 May (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Kreinovich, V., Kohout, L.J., Kim, E.: Square root of ‘not’: a major difference between fuzzy and quantum logics. Int. J. Gen. Syst. 40(1), 111–127 (2011)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  10. Mendel, J.M.: Uncertain Rule-Based Fuzzy Systems: Introduction and New Directions. Springer, Cham (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51370-6

    Book  MATH  Google Scholar 

  11. Nguyen, H.T., Kreinovich, V., Shekhter, V.: On the possibility of using complex values in fuzzy logic for representing inconsistencies. Int. J. Intell. Syst. 13(8), 683–714 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Nguyen, H.T., Walker, C.L., Walker, E.A.: A First Course in Fuzzy Logic. Chapman and Hall/CRC, Boca Raton (2019)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  13. Nielsen, M.A., Chuang, I.L.: Quantum Computation and Quantum Information. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2000)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  14. Novák, V., Perfilieva, I., Močkoř, J.: Mathematical Principles of Fuzzy Logic. Kluwer, Boston (1999)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  15. Servin, C., Kreinovich, V., Kosheleva, O.: From 1-D to 2-D fuzzy: a proof that interval-valued and complex-valued are the only distributive options. In: Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the North American Fuzzy Information Processing Society NAFIPS’2015 and 5th World Conference on Soft Computing, Redmond, Washington, 17–19 August (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Spufford, F.: Red Plenty. Faber and Faber, London (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Wierman, M.J.: The square root of not: geometric, permutation, and matrix representations. In: Proceedings of the 28th North American Fuzzy Information Processing Society Annual Conference NAFIPS’09, Cincinnati, Ohio, 14–17 June (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Zadeh, L.A.: Fuzzy sets. Inf. Control 8, 338–353 (1965)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation grants 1623190 (A Model of Change for Preparing a New Generation for Professional Practice in Computer Science), and HRD-1834620 and HRD-2034030 (CAHSI Includes). It was also supported by the program of the development of the Scientific-Educational Mathematical Center of Volga Federal District No. 075-02-2020-1478.

The authors are greatly thankful to Scott Dick for his encouragement, and to the anonymous referees for their valuable suggestions.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Vladik Kreinovich .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Kosheleva, O., Kreinovich, V. (2022). A Natural Formalization of Changing-One’s-Mind Leads to Square Root of “Not” and to Complex-Valued Fuzzy Logic. In: Rayz, J., Raskin, V., Dick, S., Kreinovich, V. (eds) Explainable AI and Other Applications of Fuzzy Techniques. NAFIPS 2021. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 258. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82099-2_17

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics