Abstract
Due to the general incompleteness of knowledge graphs, knowledge graph link prediction is a hot research topic for knowledge graph completion. The low-dimensional embedding of entities and relations can be realized through link prediction methods, and then inference can be made. The previous link prediction methods mainly used shallow and fast models of the knowledge graph, such as TransE, TransH, TransA and other models. The feature extraction capabilities of these models are insufficient, which affects the performance of prediction. The recently proposed method ConvE uses embedded two-dimensional convolution and multi-layer nonlinear features to model the knowledge graph, which increases the interaction between entities and relations to a certain extent. In this paper, we propose a Feature Interaction Convolutional Network (FICN) for knowledge graph embedding, which uses three methods: Random Permutation, Chequer Reshaping and Circular Convolution to increase the feature interaction capability of the model, thereby effectively improving the link prediction performance. We verified the feasibility and effectiveness of FICN on the FB15K-237, WN18RR and YAGO3-10 data sets. Through experiments, we found that on these three data sets, FICN has a certain degree of improvement in MRR score compared to ConvE, and it is also stronger than ConvE in MR, HIST@10 and HIST@1 indicators. In addition, our model increases the training speed by adding the Batch Normalization preprocessing method during convolution training. Compared with ConvE model, our model has about a 50% reduction in training time.
This work was supported by National Key R&D Program of China (No.2019YFB1404700).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Bordes, A., Usunier, N., Garcia-Duran, A., Weston, J., Yakhnenko, O.: Translating embeddings for modeling multi-relational data. In: Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS), pp. 1–9 (2013)
Cai, L., Wang, W.Y.: Kbgan: Adversarial learning for knowledge graph embeddings. arXiv preprint arXiv:1711.04071 (2017)
Chollet, F.: Xception: deep learning with depthwise separable convolutions. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 1251–1258 (2017)
Dettmers, T., Minervini, P., Stenetorp, P., Riedel, S.: Convolutional 2d knowledge graph embeddings. In: Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, vol. 32 (2018)
Dong, X., et al.: Knowledge vault: a web-scale approach to probabilistic knowledge fusion. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 601–610 (2014)
Gai, K., Qiu, M.: Optimal resource allocation using reinforcement learning for IoT content-centric services. Appl. Soft Comput. 70, 12–21 (2018)
Gai, K., Qiu, M.: Reinforcement learning-based content-centric services in mobile sensing. IEEE Network 32(4), 34–39 (2018)
Gai, K., Qiu, M., Zhao, H., Sun, X.: Resource management in sustainable cyber-physical systems using heterogeneous cloud computing. IEEE Trans. Sustain. Comput. 3(2), 60–72 (2017)
Garcia-Duran, A., Niepert, M.: Kblrn: end-to-end learning of knowledge base representations with latent, relational, and numerical features. arXiv preprint arXiv:1709.04676 (2017)
Gu, J., et al.: Recent advances in convolutional neural networks. Pattern Recognit. 77, 354–377 (2018)
Ioffe, S., Szegedy, C.: Batch normalization: accelerating deep network training by reducing internal covariate shift. In: International Conference on Machine Learning, pp. 448–456. PMLR (2015)
Ji, G., He, S., Xu, L., Liu, K., Zhao, J.: Knowledge graph embedding via dynamic mapping matrix. In: Proceedings of the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 7th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (vol. 1: Long papers), pp. 687–696 (2015)
Kingma, D.P., Ba, J.: Adam: a method for stochastic optimization. arXiv preprint arXiv:1412.6980 (2014)
Lin, Y., Liu, Z., Sun, M., Liu, Y., Zhu, X.: Learning entity and relation embeddings for knowledge graph completion. In: Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, vol. 29 (2015)
Nguyen, D.Q., Nguyen, T.D., Nguyen, D.Q., Phung, D.: A novel embedding model for knowledge base completion based on convolutional neural network. arXiv preprint arXiv:1712.02121 (2017)
Nickel, M., Rosasco, L., Poggio, T.: Holographic embeddings of knowledge graphs. In: Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, vol. 30 (2016)
Ravishankar, S., Talukdar, P.P., et al.: Revisiting simple neural networks for learning representations of knowledge graphs. arXiv preprint arXiv:1711.05401 (2017)
Schlichtkrull, M., Kipf, T.N., Bloem, P., van den Berg, R., Titov, I., Welling, M.: Modeling relational data with graph convolutional networks. In: Gangemi, A., et al. (eds.) ESWC 2018. LNCS, vol. 10843, pp. 593–607. Springer, Cham (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93417-4_38
Shang, C., Tang, Y., Huang, J., Bi, J., He, X., Zhou, B.: End-to-end structure-aware convolutional networks for knowledge base completion. In: Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, vol. 33, pp. 3060–3067 (2019)
Socher, R., Chen, D., Manning, C.D., Ng, A.: Reasoning with neural tensor networks for knowledge base completion. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, pp. 926–934. Citeseer (2013)
Suchanek, F.M., Kasneci, G., Weikum, G.: Yago: a core of semantic knowledge. In: Proceedings of the 16th international conference on World Wide Web, pp. 697–706 (2007)
Toutanova, K., Chen, D.: Observed versus latent features for knowledge base and text inference. In: Proceedings of the 3rd Workshop on Continuous Vector Space Models and their Compositionality, pp. 57–66 (2015)
Trouillon, T., Welbl, J., Riedel, S., Gaussier, É., Bouchard, G.: Complex embeddings for simple link prediction. In: International Conference on Machine Learning, pp. 2071–2080. PMLR (2016)
Wang, T.H., Huang, H.J., Lin, J.T., Hu, C.W., Zeng, K.H., Sun, M.: Omnidirectional cnn for visual place recognition and navigation. In: 2018 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA), pp. 2341–2348. IEEE (2018)
Wang, Z., Zhang, J., Feng, J., Chen, Z.: Knowledge graph embedding by translating on hyperplanes. In: Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, vol. 28 (2014)
Xiao, H., Huang, M., Hao, Y., Zhu, X.: Transa: An adaptive approach for knowledge graph embedding. arXiv preprint arXiv:1509.05490 (2015)
Yang, B., Yih, W.t., He, X., Gao, J., Deng, L.: Embedding entities and relations for learning and inference in knowledge bases. arXiv preprint arXiv:1412.6575 (2014)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Li, J., Li, A., Liu, T. (2021). Feature Interaction Convolutional Network for Knowledge Graph Embedding. In: Qiu, H., Zhang, C., Fei, Z., Qiu, M., Kung, SY. (eds) Knowledge Science, Engineering and Management. KSEM 2021. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 12815. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82136-4_30
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82136-4_30
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-82135-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-82136-4
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)