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Efficient Scheduling of Periodic, Aperiodic, and Sporadic Real-Time Tasks with Deadline Constraints

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Software Technologies (ICSOFT 2020)

Part of the book series: Communications in Computer and Information Science ((CCIS,volume 1447))

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Abstract

A real-time system is an operating system that guarantees a certain functionality within a specified time constraint. Such system is composed of tasks of various types: periodic, sporadic and aperiodic. These tasks can be subjected to a variety of temporal constraints, the most important one is the deadline. Thus, a reaction occurring too late may be useless or even dangerous. In this context, the main problem of this study is how to configure feasible real-time system having both periodic, aperiodic and sporadic tasks. This paper shows an approach for computing deadlines in uniprocessor real-time systems to guarantee real-time feasibility for hard-deadline periodic and sporadic tasks and provide good responsiveness for soft-deadline aperiodic tasks. An application to a case study and performance evaluation show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

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Abbreviations

\(\varPi \) :

Real-time system;

\(\mathcal {P}\) :

Set of periodic tasks in \(\varPi \);

\(\mathcal {S}\) :

Set of sporadic tasks in \(\varPi \);

\(\mathcal {A}\) :

Set of aperiodic tasks in \(\varPi \);

n :

Number of periodic tasks in \(\varPi \);

m :

Number of sporadic tasks in \(\varPi \);

k :

Number of aperiodic tasks in \(\varPi \);

\(\tau ^{0}_i\) :

Periodic task;

\(\tau ^{0}_{ij}\) :

The jth job of \(\tau ^{0}_{i}\);

\(\tau ^{1}_e\) :

Sporadic task;

\(\tau ^{1}_{ef}\) :

The fth job of \(\tau ^{0}_{e}\);

\(\tau ^{2}_{o}\) :

Aperiodic task;

\(R^{0}_i\) :

Release time of \(\tau ^{0}_i\);

\(r_{ij}^0\) :

Release time of the jth job of \(\tau ^{0}_{i}\);

\(C^{0}_i\) :

Worst-case execution time of \(\tau ^{0}_i\);

\(P^{0}_i\) :

Period of \(\tau ^{0}_i\);

\(D^{0}_i\) :

Hard relative deadline of \(\tau ^{0}_i\) to be determined;

\(d^{0}_{ij}\) :

Relative deadline of \(\tau ^{0}_{ij}\) to be determined;

\(\phi ^{0}_i\) :

Degree of criticality of \(\tau ^{0}_i\);

\(E_{ij}^{0}\) :

End execution time of \(\tau ^{0}_{ij}\);

\(R^{1}_e\) :

Release time of \(\tau ^{1}_e\);

\(r_{ef}^1\) :

Release time of the fth job of \(\tau ^{1}_e\);

\(C^{1}_{e}\) :

Worst-case execution time of \(\tau ^{1}_{e}\);

\(P^{1}_{e}\) :

Minimum interval between the arrival of two successive instances of \(\tau _{e}^1\);

\(D^{1}_{e}\) :

Hard relative deadline of \(\tau ^{1}_{e}\) to be determined;

\(d^{1}_{ef}\) :

Relative deadline of \(\tau ^{1}_{ef}\) to be determined;

\(\phi ^{1}_{e}\) :

Degree of criticality of \(\tau ^{1}_{e}\);

\(E_{ef}^{1}\) :

End execution time of \(\tau ^{1}_{ef}\);

\(C^{2}_{o}\) :

WCET of \(\tau ^{2}_{o}\);

\(D^{2}_{o}\) :

Soft deadline of \(\tau ^{2}_{o}\) to be determined;

\(\phi ^{2}_o\) :

Degree of criticality of \(\tau ^{2}_{o}\);

\(C^{s}\) :

Capacity of the NPS server;

\(P^{s}\) :

Period of the NPS server;

HP :

Hyper-period;

OC :

Maximum number of aperiodic tasks’ occurrences estimated on HP;

Q :

Maximum cumulative execution time requested by periodic and sporadic jobs on HP;

\(\tau _{i_1}\) :

Periodic or sporadic task;

\(\tau _{i_1j_1}\) :

The \(j_1\)th job of \(\tau _{i_1j_1}\);

\(\varDelta _{i_1j_1}\) :

Maximum cumulative execution time requested by periodic and sporadic jobs that have to be executed before \(\tau _{i_1j_1}\);

\( \beta _{l}^{i_1j_1}\) :

Number of jobs produced by a periodic or sporadic task \(\tau _{l}\) to be executed before \(\tau _{i_1j_1}\).

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Automation and Energy Systems, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrucken, Germany

    Aicha Goubaa & Frey Georg

  2. School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jinan University, (Zhuhai Campus), Zhuhai, 519070, China

    Aicha Goubaa & Mohamed Kahlgui

  3. National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology (INSAT), University of Carthage, 1080, Tunis, Tunisia

    Aicha Goubaa & Mohamed Kahlgui

  4. Institute of Systems Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, 999078, China

    Zhiwu Li

  5. School of Electro-Mechanical Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an, 710071, China

    Zhiwu Li

Authors
  1. Aicha Goubaa
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  2. Mohamed Kahlgui
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  3. Frey Georg
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  4. Zhiwu Li
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Correspondence to Aicha Goubaa .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Information Systems Group, Enschede, The Netherlands

    Marten van Sinderen

  2. Wrocław University of Economics Institute of Business Informatics, Wrocław, Poland

    Leszek A. Maciaszek

  3. Universität Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland

    Hans-Georg Fill

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Goubaa, A., Kahlgui, M., Georg, F., Li, Z. (2021). Efficient Scheduling of Periodic, Aperiodic, and Sporadic Real-Time Tasks with Deadline Constraints. In: van Sinderen, M., Maciaszek, L.A., Fill, HG. (eds) Software Technologies. ICSOFT 2020. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 1447. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83007-6_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83007-6_2

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