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2D vs 3D Online Writer Identification: A Comparative Study

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Document Analysis and Recognition – ICDAR 2021 (ICDAR 2021)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNIP,volume 12823))

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Abstract

Nowadays, different automatic systems for writer identification and verification are available. On-line writer identification through automatic analysis of handwriting acquired with a tablet has been widely studied. Furthermore, the recent development of Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) wearables with integrated inertial measurement units (IMUs) recording limbs movement allows the study of handwriting movements executed on the air. The goal of this paper is to compare the performance of an online writer identification system while processing 2D data acquired by a tablet while writing on-paper and 3D data acquired by a smartwatch while writing on-air. To this end, a database of handwriting samples produced by the same writers while writing the same symbols in the two modalities has been built up. The results of the study show a performance gap smaller than 5% between the 2D and 3D top implementations of the system, confirming that 3D handwriting is a promising alternative for developing wearable user authentication system.

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Data Availability Statement

The feature sets used in the experiments are freely available for research purposes at https://github.com/Natural-Computation-Lab/2D_vs_3D_handwriting.

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Acknowledgment

This study was funded by the Spanish government’s MIMECO PID2019-109099RB-C41 research project and European Union FEDER program/funds. C. Carmona-Duarte was supported by a Juan de la Cierva grant (IJCI-2016-27682), and Viera y Clavijo grant from ULPGC.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. DIEM, University of Salerno, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy

    Antonio Parziale & Angelo Marcelli

  2. IDETIC, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain

    Cristina Carmona-Duarte & Miguel Angel Ferrer

Authors
  1. Antonio Parziale
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  2. Cristina Carmona-Duarte
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  3. Miguel Angel Ferrer
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  4. Angelo Marcelli
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Antonio Parziale .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

    Josep Lladós

  2. Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA

    Daniel Lopresti

  3. Kyushu University, Fukuoka-shi, Japan

    Seiichi Uchida

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Parziale, A., Carmona-Duarte, C., Ferrer, M.A., Marcelli, A. (2021). 2D vs 3D Online Writer Identification: A Comparative Study. In: Lladós, J., Lopresti, D., Uchida, S. (eds) Document Analysis and Recognition – ICDAR 2021. ICDAR 2021. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 12823. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86334-0_20

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86334-0_20

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

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  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-86334-0

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