Abstract
This paper is devoted to modeling the tropospheric electromagnetic waves propagation over irregular terrain by the higher-order finite-difference methods for the parabolic equation (PE). The proposed approach is based on the Padé rational approximations of the propagation operator, which is applied simultaneously along with longitudinal and transversal coordinates. At the same time, it is still possible to model the inhomogeneous tropospheric refractive index. Discrete dispersion analysis of the proposed scheme is carried out. A comparison with the other finite-difference methods for solving the parabolic equation and the split-step Fourier (SSF) method is given. It is shown that the proposed method allows using a more sparse computational grid than the existing finite-difference methods. This in turn results in more fast computations.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Apaydin, G., Ozgun, O., Kuzuoglu, M., Sevgi, L.: A novel two-way finite-element parabolic equation groundwave propagation tool: tests with canonical structures and calibration. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 49(8), 2887–2899 (2011)
Baker, G.A., Graves-Morris, P.: Pade Approximants, vol. 59. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1996)
Brookner, E., Cornely, P.R., Lok, Y.F.: AREPS and TEMPER-getting familiar with these powerful propagation software tools. In: IEEE Radar Conference, pp. 1034–1043. IEEE (2007)
Cama-Pinto, D., et al.: Empirical model of radio wave propagation in the presence of vegetation inside greenhouses using regularized regressions. Sensors 20(22), 6621 (2020)
Collins, M.D.: A split-step pade solution for the parabolic equation method. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 93(4), 1736–1742 (1993)
Collins, M.D., Siegmann, W.L.: Parabolic Wave Equations with Applications. Springer, New York (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9934-7
Ehrhardt, M., Zisowsky, A.: Discrete non-local boundary conditions for split-step padé approximations of the one-way Helmholtz equation. J. Comput. Appl. Math. 200(2), 471–490 (2007)
Fishman, L., McCoy, J.J.: Derivation and application of extended parabolic wave theories. I. The factorized Helmholtz equation. J. Math. Phys. 25(2), 285–296 (1984)
Guo, Q., Long, Y.: Two-way parabolic equation method for radio propagation over rough sea surface. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 68, 4839–4847 (2020)
Guo, Q., Zhou, C., Long, Y.: Greene approximation wide-angle parabolic equation for radio propagation. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 65(11), 6048–6056 (2017)
Kuttler, J.R., Janaswamy, R.: Improved Fourier transform methods for solving the parabolic wave equation. Radio Sci. 37(2), 1–11 (2002)
Lee, D., Schultz, M.H.: Numerical Ocean Acoustic Propagation in Three Dimensions. World Scientific, Singapore (1995)
Leontovich, M.A., Fock, V.A.: Solution of the problem of propagation of electromagnetic waves along the earth’s surface by the method of parabolic equation. J. Phys. USSR 10(1), 13–23 (1946)
Levy, M.F.: Parabolic Equation Methods for Electromagnetic Wave Propagation. The Institution of Electrical Engineers, UK (2000)
Lytaev, M.S.: Python wave prorogation library (2020). https://github.com/mikelytaev/wave-propagation
Lytaev, M., Borisov, E., Vladyko, A.: V2I propagation loss predictions in simplified urban environment: a two-way parabolic equation approach. Electronics 9(12), 2011 (2020)
Lytaev, M.S.: Automated selection of the computational parameters for the higher-order parabolic equation numerical methods. In: Gervasi, O., et al. (eds.) ICCSA 2020. LNCS, vol. 12249, pp. 296–311. Springer, Cham (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58799-4_22
Lytaev, M.S.: Numerov-pade scheme for the one-way Helmholtz equation in tropospheric radio-wave propagation. IEEE Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett. 19(12), 2167–2171 (2020)
Lytaev, M.S.: Nonlocal boundary conditions for split-step padé approximations of the Helmholtz equation with modified refractive index. IEEE Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett. 17(8), 1561–1565 (2018)
Mills, M.J., Collins, M.D., Lingevitch, J.F.: Two-way parabolic equation techniques for diffraction and scattering problems. Wave Motion 31(2), 173–180 (2000)
Nguyen, V.D., Phan, H., Mansour, A., Coatanhay, A., Marsault, T.: On the proof of recursive Vogler algorithm for multiple knife-edge diffraction. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 69(6), 3617–3622 (2020)
Ozgun, O., et al.: PETOOL v2.0: parabolic equation toolbox with evaporation duct models and real environment data. Comput. Phys. Commun. 256, 107454 (2020)
Permyakov, V.A., Mikhailov, M.S., Malevich, E.S.: Analysis of propagation of electromagnetic waves in difficult conditions by the parabolic equation method. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 67(4), 2167–2175 (2019)
Ramos, G.L., Pereira, P.T., Leonor, N., Caldeirinha, F.R.: Analysis of radiowave propagation in forest media using the parabolic equation. In: 2020 14th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP). IEEE (2020)
Samarskii, A.A., Mikhailov, A.P.: Principles of Mathematical Modelling: Ideas, Methods, Examples. Taylor and Francis, Routledge (2002)
Taylor, M.: Pseudodifferential Operators and Nonlinear PDE, vol. 100. Springer, Cham (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0431-2
Vavilov, S.A., Lytaev, M.S.: Modeling equation for multiple knife-edge diffraction. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 68(5), 3869–3877 (2020)
Wang, D.D., Pu, Y.R., Xi, X.L., Zhou, L.L.: An analysis of narrow-angle and wide-angle shift-map parabolic equations. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 68(5), 3911–3918 (2020)
Zhang, P., Bai, L., Wu, Z., Guo, L.: Applying the parabolic equation to tropospheric groundwave propagation: a review of recent achievements and significant milestones. IEEE Antennas Propag. Mag 58(3), 31–44 (2016)
Acknowledgements
This study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant No. 21-71-00039.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Lytaev, M.S. (2021). An Improved Accuracy Split-Step Padé Parabolic Equation for Tropospheric Radio-Wave Propagation. In: Gervasi, O., et al. Computational Science and Its Applications – ICCSA 2021. ICCSA 2021. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 12949. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86653-2_31
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86653-2_31
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-86652-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-86653-2
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)