Skip to main content

Artificial Intelligence and Data Science in the Detection, Diagnosis, and Control of COVID-19: A Systematic Mapping Study

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Computational Science and Its Applications – ICCSA 2021 (ICCSA 2021)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNTCS,volume 12957))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

On March 11 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced that the new COVID-19 disease, caused by the SARS-CoV2 could be considered a pandemic. Both this new virus and the disease it causes were unknown before the outbreak in Wuhan (China) in December 2019. Since then, the number of infections has grown exponentially causing the collapse of health-care systems, as well as socio-economic structures of countries around the world. The objective of this study is to give an overview of the application of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science in the control of the pandemic through a systematic mapping of scientific literature that determines the nature, scope and quantity of published primary studies. The research was carried out using the databases Scopus, IEEE Xplore, PubMed Central and the global research database of the World Health Organization. Thus, 372 studies were identified that met the inclusion criteria. The application of artificial intelligence techniques was observed, such as neural networks, deep learning, and machine learning in some areas including detection and imaging diagnosis, prediction of new outbreaks and mortality, social distancing, among others. In data analysis, artificial intelligence has become an important tool in the fight against COVID-19 and this study may be useful for the scientific community to direct future research into less-investigated areas.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 99.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Al Mahmoud, R.H., Omar, E., Taha, K., Al-Sharif, M., Aref, A.: Covid-19 global spread analyzer: an ML-based attempt. J. Comput. Sci. 16(9), 1291–1305 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Al-qaness, M.A.A., et al.: Efficient artificial intelligence forecasting models for COVID-19 outbreak in Russia and Brazil. Process Saf. Environ. Prot. 149, 399–409 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Alafif, T., Tehame, A.M., Bajaba, S., Barnawi, A., Zia, S.: Machine and deep learning towards COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment: survey, challenges, and future directions. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 18(3), 1117 (2021). Number: 3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Alazab, M., Awajan, A., Mesleh, A., Abraham, A., Jatana, V., Alhyari, S.: COVID-19 prediction and detection using deep learning. Int. J. Comput. Inf. Syst. Ind. Manag. Appl. 12, 168–181 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Alwaeli, Z.A.A., Ibrahim, A.A.: Predicting COVID-19 trajectory using machine learning. In: 2020 4th International Symposium on Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies (ISMSIT), pp. 1–4. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., October 2020

    Google Scholar 

  6. Ardabili, S.F., et al.: COVID-19 outbreak prediction with machine learning. Algorithms 13(10), 249 (2020)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  7. Asad, S.M., Dashtipour, K., Hussain, S., Abbasi, Q.H., Imran, M.A.: Travelers-tracing and mobility profiling using machine learning in railway systems. In: 2020 International Conference on UK-China Emerging Technologies (UCET), pp. 1–4. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., August 2020

    Google Scholar 

  8. Asghar, M.A., Razzaq, S., Rasheed, S., Fawad: A robust technique for detecting SARS-CoV-2 from X-ray image using 2D convolutional neural network and particle swarm optimization. In: 2020 14th International Conference on Open Source Systems and Technologies (ICOSST), pp. 1–6 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Awal, M.A., Masud, M., Hossain, M.S., Bulbul, A.A.M., Mahmud, S.M.H., Bairagi, A.K.: A novel Bayesian optimization-based machine learning framework for COVID-19 detection from inpatient facility data. IEEE Access 9, 10263–10281 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Babukarthik, R.G., et al.: Prediction of COVID-19 using genetic deep learning convolutional neural network (GDCNN). IEEE Access 8, 177647–177666 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Banerjee, A., et al.: Use of Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence to predict SARS-CoV-2 infection from Full Blood Counts in a population. Int. Immunopharmacol. 86, 106705 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Bannur, N., Maheshwari, H., Jain, S., Shetty, S., Merugu, S., Raval, A.: Adaptive COVID-19 forecasting via Bayesian optimization. In: ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, p. 432. Association for Computing Machinery, January 2020

    Google Scholar 

  13. Bodapati, S., Bandarupally, H., Trupthi, M.: COVID-19 time series forecasting of daily cases, deaths caused and recovered cases using long short term memory networks. In: 2020 IEEE 5th International Conference on Computing Communication and Automation (ICCCA), pp. 525–530 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Butt, S.A., Misra, S., Anjum, M.W., Hassan, S.A.: Agile project development issues during COVID-19. In: Przybyłek, A., Miler, J., Poth, A., Riel, A. (eds.) LASD 2021. LNBIP, vol. 408, pp. 59–70. Springer, Cham (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67084-9_4

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  15. Chatterjee, A., Gerdes, M.W., Martinez, S.G.: Statistical explorations and univariate timeseries analysis on covid-19 datasets to understand the trend of disease spreading and death. Sensors (Switzerland) 20(11), 3089 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Cobo, M.J., López-Herrera, A.G., Herrera-Viedma, E., Herrera, F.: SciMAT: a new science mapping analysis software tool. J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci. Technol. 63(8), 1609–1630 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Dandekar, R., Rackauckas, C., Barbastathis, G.: A machine learning-aided global diagnostic and comparative tool to assess effect of quarantine control in COVID-19 spread. Patterns 1(9), 100145 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Darapaneni, N., et al.: COVID 19 severity of pneumonia analysis using chest X Rays. In: 2020 IEEE 15th International Conference on Industrial and Information Systems (ICIIS), pp. 381–386 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Das, D., Santosh, K.C., Pal, U.: Truncated inception net: COVID-19 outbreak screening using chest X-rays. Phys. Eng. Sci. Med. 43(3), 915–925 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13246-020-00888-x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Devaraj, J., et al.: Forecasting of COVID-19 cases using deep learning models: is it reliable and practically significant? Results Phys. 21, 103817 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Dey, S.K., Howlader, A., Deb, C.: MobileNet mask: a multi-phase face mask detection model to prevent person-to-person transmission of SARS-CoV-2. In: Kaiser, M.S., Bandyopadhyay, A., Mahmud, M., Ray, K. (eds.) Proceedings of International Conference on Trends in Computational and Cognitive Engineering. AISC, vol. 1309, pp. 603–613. Springer, Singapore (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4673-4_49

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  22. Dey, S., Biswas, S., Nandi, S., Nath, S., Das, I.: Deep greedy network: a tool for medical diagnosis on exiguous dataset of COVID-19. In: 2020 IEEE International Conference for Convergence in Engineering, ICCE 2020 - Proceedings, pp. 340–344. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., September 2020

    Google Scholar 

  23. El-Kenawy, E.S.M., Ibrahim, A., Mirjalili, S., Eid, M.M., Hussein, S.E.: Novel feature selection and voting classifier algorithms for COVID-19 classification in CT images. IEEE Access 8, 179317–179335 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. El Mouden, Z.A., Jakimi, A., Taj, R.M., Hajar, M.: A graph-based methodology for tracking covid-19 in time series datasets. In: 2020 IEEE 2nd International Conference on Electronics, Control, Optimization and Computer Science, ICECOCS 2020. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., December 2020

    Google Scholar 

  25. Elsheikh, A.H., et al.: Deep learning-based forecasting model for COVID-19 outbreak in Saudi Arabia. Process Saf. Environ. Prot. 149, 223–233 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Florez, H., Singh, S.: Online dashboard and data analysis approach for assessing covid-19 case and death data. F1000Research 9, 570 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Gupta, H., et al.: Data analytics and mathematical modeling for simulating the dynamics of COVID-19 epidemic-a case study of India. Electronics (Switzerland) 10(2), 1–21 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Hamida, S., Gannour, O.E., Cherradi, B., Ouajji, H., Raihani, A.: Optimization of machine learning algorithms hyper-parameters for improving the prediction of patients infected with COVID-19. In: 2020 IEEE 2nd International Conference on Electronics, Control, Optimization and Computer Science (ICECOCS), pp. 1–6 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Haritha, D., Pranathi, M.K., Reethika, M.: COVID detection from chest X-rays with DeepLearning: CheXNet. In: 2020 5th International Conference on Computing, Communication and Security (ICCCS), pp. 1–5 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Haritha, D., Praneeth, Ch., Krishna Pranathi, M.: Covid prediction from x-ray images. In: Proceedings of the 2020 International Conference on Computing, Communication and Security, ICCCS 2020. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., October 2020

    Google Scholar 

  31. Iwendi, C., et al.: COVID-19 patient health prediction using boosted random forest algorithm. Front. Public Health 8, 357 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Johnsen, T.K., Gao, J.Z.: Elastic net to forecast COVID-19 cases. In: 2020 International Conference on Innovation and Intelligence for Informatics, Computing and Technologies (3ICT), pp. 1–6 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  33. Kairon, P., Bhattacharyya, S.: COVID-19 outbreak prediction using quantum neural networks. In: Bhattacharyya, S., Dutta, P., Datta, K. (eds.) Intelligence Enabled Research. AISC, vol. 1279, pp. 113–123. Springer, Singapore (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9290-4_12 ISSN 21945365

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  34. Kerdvibulvech, C., Chen, L.L.: The power of augmented reality and artificial intelligence during the Covid-19 outbreak. In: Stephanidis, C., Kurosu, M., Degen, H., Reinerman-Jones, L. (eds.) HCII 2020. LNCS, vol. 12424, pp. 467–476. Springer, Cham (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60117-1_34 ISSN 16113349

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  35. Kitchenham, B.: Guidelines for performing Systematic Literature Reviews in Software Engineering (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  36. Ko, H., et al.: COVID-19 pneumonia diagnosis using a simple 2D deep learning framework with a single chest CT image: model development and validation. J. Med. Internet Res. 22(6), e19569 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Ko, H., et al.: An artificial intelligence model to predict the mortality of COVID-19 patients at hospital admission time using routine blood samples: development and validation of an ensemble model. J. Med. Internet Res. 22(12), e25442 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Kumar, N., Susan, S.: COVID-19 pandemic prediction using time series forecasting models. In: 2020 11th International Conference on Computing, Communication and Networking Technologies (ICCCNT), pp. 1–7 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  39. Lalmuanawma, S., Hussain, J., Chhakchhuak, L.: Applications of machine learning and artificial intelligence for Covid-19 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic: a review. Chaos Solitons Fractals 139, 110059 (2020)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  40. Liu, J., Zhang, Z., Zu, L., Wang, H., Zhong, Y.: Intelligent detection for CT image of COVID-19 using deep learning. In: 2020 13th International Congress on Image and Signal Processing, BioMedical Engineering and Informatics (CISP-BMEI), pp. 76–81. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., October 2020

    Google Scholar 

  41. Melenli, S., Topkaya, A.: Real-time maintaining of social distance in Covid-19 environment using image processing and big data. In: 2020 Innovations in Intelligent Systems and Applications Conference (ASYU), pp. 1–5 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  42. Mirri, S., Roccetti, M., Delnevo, G.: The New York City covid-19 spread in the 2020 spring: a study on the potential role of particulate using time series analysis and machine learning. Appl. Sci. (Switzerland) 11(3), 1–19 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  43. Naudé, W.: Artificial intelligence vs COVID-19: limitations, constraints and pitfalls. AI Soc. 35(3), 761–765 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-020-00978-0

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Ngie, H.M., Nderu, L., Mwigereri, D.G.: Tree-based regressor ensemble for viral infectious diseases spread prediction. In: CEUR Workshop Proceedings, vol. 2689. CEUR-WS (2020). ISSN 16130073

    Google Scholar 

  45. Nie, Q., Liu, Y., Zhang, D., Jiang, H.: Dynamical SEIR model with information entropy using COVID-19 as a case study. IEEE Trans. Comput. Soc. Syst. 8(4), 1–9 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  46. Petersen, K., Vakkalanka, S., Kuzniarz, L.: Guidelines for conducting systematic mapping studies in software engineering: an update. Inf. Softw. Technol. 64, 1–18 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Rahman, M.M., Manik, M.M.H., Islam, M.M., Mahmud, S., Kim, J.H.: An automated system to limit COVID-19 using facial mask detection in smart city network. In: 2020 IEEE International IOT, Electronics and Mechatronics Conference (IEMTRONICS), pp. 1–5 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  48. Ren, J., et al.: A novel intelligent computational approach to model epidemiological trends and assess the impact of non-pharmacological interventions for COVID-19. IEEE J. Biomed. Health Inform. 24(12), 3551–3563 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. Saba, A.I., Elsheikh, A.H.: Forecasting the prevalence of COVID-19 outbreak in Egypt using nonlinear autoregressive artificial neural networks. Process Saf. Environ. Prot. 141, 1–8 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. Sadasivuni, S.T., Zhang, Y.: Using gradient methods to predict Twitter users’ mental health with both COVID-19 growth patterns and tweets. In: Proceedings - 2020 IEEE International Conference on Humanized Computing and Communication with Artificial Intelligence, HCCAI 2020, pp. 65–66. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., September 2020

    Google Scholar 

  51. Salameh, J.-P., et al.: Thoracic imaging tests for the diagnosis of COVID-19. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 9, CD013639 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  52. Salgotra, R., Gandomi, M., Gandomi, A.H.: Evolutionary modelling of the COVID-19 pandemic in fifteen most affected countries. Chaos Solitons Fractals 140, 110118 (2020)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  53. Saponara, S., Elhanashi, A., Gagliardi, A.: Implementing a real-time, AI-based, people detection and social distancing measuring system for Covid-19. J. Real-Time Image Process. (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  54. Sharma, R.R., Kumar, M., Maheshwari, S., Ray, K.P.: EVDHM-ARIMA-based time series forecasting model and its application for COVID-19 cases. IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 70, 1–10 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  55. Singh, S., Florez, H.: Bioinformatic study to discover natural molecules with activity against covid-19. F1000Research 9, 1203 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  56. Singh, S., Florez, H.: Coronavirus disease 2019 drug discovery through molecular docking. F1000Research 9, 502 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  57. Szczepanek, R.: Analysis of pedestrian activity before and during COVID-19 lockdown, using webcam time-lapse from Cracow and machine learning. PeerJ 8, e10132 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  58. Vaishya, R., Javaid, M., Khan, I.H., Haleem, A.: Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications for COVID-19 pandemic. Diabetes Metab. Syndr. 14(4), 337–339 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  59. Venkateswarlu, I.B., Kakarla, J., Prakash, S.: Face mask detection using MobileNet and global pooling block. In: 2020 IEEE 4th Conference on Information & Communication Technology (CICT), pp. 1–5 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  60. Wang, D., Sun, Y., Song, J., Huang, Y.: A SEIR model optimization using the differential evolution. In: Chen, X., Yan, H., Yan, Q., Zhang, X. (eds.) ML4CS 2020. LNCS, vol. 12487, pp. 384–392. Springer, Cham (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62460-6_34 ISSN: 16113349

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  61. Wang, S., Fang, H., Ma, Z., Wang, X.: Forecasting the 2019-ncov epidemic in Wuhan by SEIR and cellular automata model. In: Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 1533. Institute of Physics Publishing, June 2020. ISSN 17426596, Issue: 4

    Google Scholar 

  62. Yang, Z., et al.: Modified SEIR and AI prediction of the epidemics trend of COVID-19 in China under public health interventions. J. Thorac. Dis. 12(3), 165–174 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  63. Zagrouba, R., et al.: Modelling and simulation of COVID-19 outbreak prediction using supervised machine learning. Comput. Mater. Contin. 66(3), 2397–2407 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  64. Zhan, C., Tse, C.K., Lai, Z., Hao, T., Su, J.: Prediction of COVID-19 spreading profiles in South Korea, Italy and Iran by data-driven coding. PLoS One 15(7), e0234763–e0234763 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hector Florez .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Tintín, V., Florez, H. (2021). Artificial Intelligence and Data Science in the Detection, Diagnosis, and Control of COVID-19: A Systematic Mapping Study. In: Gervasi, O., et al. Computational Science and Its Applications – ICCSA 2021. ICCSA 2021. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 12957. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87013-3_27

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87013-3_27

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-87012-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-87013-3

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics